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出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/01/29 01:24 UTC 版)

From Proto-Italic *plēnos, from an e-grade variant of Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”) (the zero-grade form would have given *plānus). Cognates include Ancient Greek πλήρης (plḗrēs) and πλέως (pléōs), Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa), 古期英語 full (English full), Persian (por), Old Irish lán, Old Church Slavonic пльнъ (plĭnŭ), Lithuanian pilnas.

plēnus (feminine plēna, neuter plēnum, comparative plēnior, superlative plēnissimus, adverb plēnē); first/second-declension adjective

First/second-declension adjective.

	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	plēnus	plēna	plēnum	plēnī	plēnae	plēna
genitive	plēnī	plēnae	plēnī	plēnō rum	plēnārum	plēnō rum
dative	plēnō	plēnae	plēnō	plēnīs
accusative	plēnum	plēnam	plēnum	plēnōs	plēnās	plēna
ablative	plēnō	plēnā	plēnō	plēnīs
vocative	plēne	plēna	plēnum	plēnī	plēnae	plēna

Aromanian: plin, mplin
Corsican: pienu
Dalmatian: plain
English: plene
Franco-Provençal: plen
Italian: pieno
Neapolitan: chino
Old French: plein, plain, pleen
- French: plein
- Norman: pliein
- Walloon: plin
Old Leonese: xeno (1245, Sahagún Monastery), leno (1294, Cathedral of Oviedo)
- Asturian: enllenu, llenu, llen, ḷḷenu, chenu, chen
- Leonese: chenu, llenu, ḷḷenu
- Mirandese: cheno
Old Galician-Portuguese: chẽo, cheo
- Fala: cheo
- Galician: cheo
- Portuguese: cheio (see there for further descendants)
Old Occitan: ple
- Catalan: ple
- Occitan: plen
Old Spanish: lenno, lleno
- Ladino: yeno
- Spanish: lleno
  - Papiamentu: yen
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulian: plen
- Ladin: pien
- Romansch: plain, plein, plagn
Romagnol: pi
Ligurian: pin
Romanian: plin
Sardinian: prenu, pienu, plenu
Sicilian: chinu
Venetan: pien
→ Portuguese: pleno
→ Spanish: pleno

“plenus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“plenus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"plenus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“plenus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a very charming book: liber plenus delectationis
- a most courteous letter: litterae officii or humanitatis plenae

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