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scornen

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/08/27 07:50 UTC 版)

中期英語

別の表記

  • schorne, schornyn, scorn, scorne, skorne, skornyn
  • scorni (Kent); skorny (Southern)
  • skarnenn (Ormulum)

語源

Borrowed from Old Northern French escarnir and central Old French escharnir, from Late Latin *scarnīre, *scernīre, of disputed origin. Derivation or influence from Old French or Middle French escornir (“to dehorn”, figuratively "to abase") is unlikely since that verb's figurative senses appear significantly later than scornen while failing to entirely approach its semantics. Compare scurnen.

発音

動詞

scornen (third-person singular simple present scorneth, present participle scornende, scornynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle scorned)

  1. To despise or revile; to view contemptuously.
  2. To abuse or mistreat; to behave badly towards:
    1. To scoff or mock; to show contempt for.
    2. To slander or defame; to speak ill of.
    3. (religion) To blaspheme; to insult God.
  3. To trick or fool; to practice deception upon.
  4. To reject, eschew, or avoid.

Conjugation

Conjugation of scornen (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) scornen, scorne
present tense past tense
1st-person singular scorne scorned
2nd-person singular scornest scornedest
3rd-person singular scorneth scorned
subjunctive singular scorne
imperative singular —
plural scornen, scorne scorneden, scornede
imperative plural scorneth, scorne —
participles scornynge, scornende scorned, yscorned

Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

関連する語

派生した語

  • English: scorn
  • Middle Scots: scorn, scorne

参照

  1. ^ “scō̆rnen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Scorn”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 2 (S–Sh), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 243, column 2.
  3. ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “*skirnjan”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 121: “Das o dieser formen ist noch nicht befriedigend erklärt. Einfluss von cornu, was an sich nahe läge, ist schwerig, weil die entsprechende bed. für dessen ablt. im fr. erst viel spater aufritt als e. scorn mit -o-, s. cornu I 4 a. β”
  4. ^ Onions, C[harles] T., Friedrichsen, G. W. S., and Burchfield, R[obert] W., editors (1966), “scorn”, in The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 799, column 2; reprinted 1994.
  5. ^ Jordan, Richard (1974),  Eugene Crook, transl., Handbook of the Middle English Grammar: Phonology (Janua Linguarum. Series Practica; 218)‎, The Hague: Mouton & Co. N.V., →DOI, § 220, page 201.
  6. ^ Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957), English pronunciation 1500-1700‎, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 13, page 484.
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