commandmentとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English comaundement, from Old French comandement, from comander. See command.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /kəˈmɑːndmənt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kəˈmændmənt/

名詞

commandment (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 commandments)

1. (religion) A divinely ordained command, especially one of the Ten Commandments.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, John 13:34:

     A new commandement I giue vnto you, That yee loue one another, as I haue loued you, that yee alſo loue one another.

   • 1869, T. Valpy French, The Old Commandment New and True in Christ […] ‎^[1], Seeley, Jackson, and Halliday, page 256:

     But besides having the bent of the affections towards Him, and desiring His favour, His near presence with us, there is that great rule of His, “This is love, that we walk after His commandments.”

   • 1998, Moshe Lieber, The Fifth Commandment: Honoring Parents : Laws, Insights, Stories and Ideas‎^[2], Mesorah Publications, →ISBN, page 30:

     Even those commandments which have a rational basis are kept by Jews only because that is God's will (Aruch HaShulchan). This lesson is encapsulated in the story of Dama ben Nesina.

2. (archaic) Something that must be obeyed; a command or edict.
   • c. 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The VVinters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii], page 283, column 2:

     Pau. Pray you then,

     Conduct me to the Queene.

     Gao. I may not (Madam)

     To the contrary I haue expreſſe commandment.

3. (obsolete) The act of commanding; exercise of authority.
   • c. 1598–1600, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene vii], page 296, columns 1–2:

     Orl. Speake you ſo gently ? Pardon me I pray you,

     I thought that all things had bin ſauage heere,

     And therefore put I on the countenance

     Of ſterne command'ment.

4. (law) The offence of commanding or inducing another to violate the law.