sithcundmanとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

sithcundman (複数形 sithcundmen)

1. (historical) A gesith.
   • 1832 July, “The Rise and Progress of the English Commonwealth. Anglo-Saxon Period; containing the Anglo-Saxon Policy, and the Institutions arising out of Laws and Usages which prevailed before the Conquest. By Francis Palgrave, […].The History of England; Anglo-Saxon Period. (Family Library.) By Francis Palgrave, […].”, in The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal, volume LV, number CX, Edinburgh: […] Ballantyne and Company, for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, London; and Adam Black, Edinburgh, page 310:

     […] the author has suggested, for the first time, so far as we know, but with great probability, that these sithcundmen, sixhyndmen, or lesser thanes, are the same tenants as in Domesday are denominated sokemen, holding freely of a lord, and bound by the general obligation of the Anglo-Saxon polity to be commended to some lord, but at liberty to shift this dependance from one superior to another, unless the land itself had been received under a feudal grant.

   • 1866, William C. Pearce; Samuel Hague, “Saxon and Danish Period”, in Analysis of English History. A Text-Book for Colleges and Schools., London: Thos. Murby, […], pages 18–19:

     The Eorls constituted the nobility of the land, and were subdivided into two orders, the Hlafords or land-owners, and the Sithcundmen, who were nobles by birth, but less wealthy than the hlafords. To this class, too, belonged the Thanes, who originally were those to whom land was granted, as a feudal tenure; this title, however, in due time became equivalent to Earl, the King’s thane ranking with the hlafords, and the lesser thane with the sithcundmen.

   • 1905, Paul Vinogradoff, The Growth of the Manor, page 125:

     These classes are: ceorls, common freemen, with a were of 200 silver shillings, sithcundmen, with a were of 600 shillings, and king’s thegns, with a were of 1,200 shillings.

2. (by extension) The oldest inhabitant of a settlement.