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• fistule

語源

Learned borrowing from Latin fistula (“pipe, ulcer, catheter”). Doublet of fester.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈfɪs.tjə.lə/, /ˈfɪs.tʃʊ.lə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈfɪs.tjə.lə/, /ˈfɪs.t͡ʃu.lə/

名詞

fistula (plural fistulas or fistulae or fistulæ)

1. (medicine) An abnormal connection or passageway between organs or vessels that normally do not connect.

   Coordinate term: anastomosis

   communicating fistula

   blind fistula

   • 1903, William Rice Pryor, Gynæcology, page 113:

     Small fistulæ are to be closed bilaterally in an antero-posterior line […]

   • 1917, Louis Adolph Merillat, Fistula of the Withers and Poll-Evil, page 5:

     There are several reasons why a manual on this disease should be a part of the veterinary literature of the day, the chief one being that fistula of the withers is a very prevalent disease of horses and thus exacts a big toll from the horse industry.

   • 1998, Scott Fisher, “Enterocutaneous Fistulas”, in Theodore J. Saclarides, Keith W. Millikan, editors, Common Surgical Diseases: An Algorithmic Approach to Problem Solving‎, page 164:

     Fistulas are abnormal communications between two epithelialized surfaces. The causes of enterocutaneous fistulas can be remembered using the mnemonic FRIEND: Foreign body, Radiation, Inflammation/Infection/Inflammatory bowel disease, Epithelialization, Neoplasm, and Distal obstruction. Fifteen to twenty-five percent of enterocutaneous fistulas arise spontaneously as in, for example, Crohn’s disease or cancer.

   • 2008, Sylvia Escott-Stump, Nutrition and Diagnosis-related Care, page 405:

     An intestinal fistula is an unwanted pathway from intestines to other organs (e.g., the bladder).

2. (rare) A tube, a pipe, or a hole.
3. (Christianity, historical) The tube through which the wine of the Eucharist was once sucked from the chalice in certain ceremonies (such as papal Masses).

   Synonym: calamus

使用する際の注意点

• (medicine): The skin is regarded as an organ, so the definition includes the abnormal connection of an internal organ to the body’s exterior (as in, for example, enterocutaneous fistulas).
• Sometimes, a fistula will be intentionally created; for example, an arteriovenous fistula is sometimes created to ease the treatment of a patient with end-stage renal failure.

派生語

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfɪs.tʊ.ɫa]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈfis.t̪u.la]

名詞

fistula f (genitive fistulae); first declension

1. pipe, tube, especially a water pipe
2. hollow reed or cane
3. (music) shepherd's pipe, pipes of Pan
4. fistula, ulcer
5. catheter
6. shoemaker's punch
7. a kind of hand mill for grinding grain
8. golden shower (Cassia fistula)

語形変化

First-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

Borrowings:

参照

Further reading

• “fistula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fistula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "fistula", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “fistula”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “fistula”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “fistula”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “fistula”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 3: D–F, page 582