英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkɛr.ka]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛr.ka]

名詞

cerca f (genitive cercae); first declension (Medieval Latin, hapax legomenon)

1. moat, defensive enclosure
   • 1041, Santa Cristina d'Aro, Marcæ Hisp. col. 1083:

     Notum sit omnibus hominibus qualiter Domina Ermisendis Comitissa, et Dominus Petrus Rodegarii Gerundensis Episcopus, atque Gaufredus Vitalis cum uxore sua Chixol, Domnus quoque Landricus sancti Felicis Guixalensis Abbas cum monachis suis, convenere ad Ecclesiam sanctae Christinae Vallis-aradi; ubi statuentes et disponentes utrique ordinaverunt quomodo illum castrum appelatum Benedormiens ab omnibus eisdem in commune aedificatum custodiretur a militibus, vel peditibus per diem et noctem omni tempore; ut omnes homines a Colonico usque ad Monasterium sancti Felicis cohabitantes absque ulla paganorum infestatione manere possent. Facta vero dispositione sive ordinatione praefati castri, dixerunt ad invicem nihil suarum rerum alicuae laicae personae causa custodiendi castrum dari nisi tali personae qui nullam calumniam praeter ab illis constitutam honori vel hominibus suis immittere praesumeret. Unde non parva dissona verba referentes, sedatis jam omnibus, idem castrum cum omnibus quae ad illud custodiendum pertinent, dederunt in jus, et potestatem sancti Felicis monasterii Guixalensis, Landrici Abbatis et monachorum ejus, atque omnium successorum suorum tradiderunt in perpetuum habiturum per hanc seriem verborum sic insequentem: 'In nomine Dei summi. Ego Ermissendes Comitissa, et ego Petrus Rodegarii Gerundensis Episcopus donamus Deo, sanctoque Felici monasterio Guixalensi et omnibus Abbatibus vel monachis in perpetuum ibi habitantibus cunctas decimas et primitias vel universa alia quae nos habemus et habere debemus, vel possumus, aut aliquis homo per nos infra parrochiam sanctae Christinae vallis Aradi cum eodem castro Benedormientis solide sine ullo retentu, cum exitibus, et ingressibus suis, ad custodiendum praedictum castrum ab ipso portu de Pinel usque ad portum de Castellar, sicut ipsa via exiens a monasterio, et vadens per ipsas Canellas, et per planum vel collum sancti Pauli, usque ad parrochiam sanctae Mariae de Fanales per directum pergens determinat in rivum Aradi, et sic descendit ab ipsa via praedicta in omnibus locis usque in mare, et de nostro jure, vel sanctae Christinae in jus et dominium sancti Felicis, et omnium hominum ibi in perpetuum habitantium tradimus. Sic et ego praenominatus Gaufredus Vitalis, et ego uxor ejus Chixol donamus Domino Deo et sancto Felici monasterio Guixalensi omne illud alodium, quod nos habemus in parrochia sanctae Christinae vallis Aradi ab ipso portu de Pinel usque ad praedictum castrum cum decimis et primitiis praefati alodii, praedictum quoque castrum, cercas et manedas suas, sicut illa via quae ducit vel exit a monasterio, vadit per Canellas et per planum vel collum sancti Pauli contra Fenals, per directum determinat in rivum Aradi, et sic descendit ab ipsa via praedicta in omnibus locis usque ad mare, et omnes cercas, et manedas quas nos dedimus ad praedictum castrum custodiendum; tam in mari quam in domibus nostrorum hominum infra parrochiam sanctae Christinae vel sanctae Mariae Fenals habitantium, ut Abbas praefati loci semper faciat custodire praefatum castrum, et de nostro jure in potestatem sancti Felicis tradimus, et dominium sine ullo retentu.' Siquis contra hanc scripturam venerit ad irrumpendum, vel defraudandum, non valeat perficere, sed praedicta omnia in duplo componat sancto Felici praefato. Actum est hoc VII Kal. Junii anno decimo Henrici Regis...

     Let it be known to all how Countess Ermessenda, bishop of Girona Pere Roger, Gaufred Vidal along with his wife Quíxol, and abbot Llandric of the Monastery of St. Felix of Guíxols, along with his monks, gathered at the Church of St. Cristina of Aro, where they came to an agreement on ordering the castle called Benedormiens, which was jointly built by the aforementioned individuals, to be garrisoned by knights or infantrymen, night and day at all hours, so that everyone living in the area from Calonge to the Monastery of St. Felix of Guíxols could live free of any Saracen raiding. Once this arrangement for the aforementioned castle was made, they declared to each other that they would not give any of their possessions to a lay person for the protection of the castle, unless it be to a person who would not presume to besmirch their honor or their men. Once everything was settled, after considerable debate on the matter, they transferred the castle, along with everything needed for its defence, to the possession of the Monastery of St. Felix of Guíxols, of Abbot Llandric and his monks, and of all their successors in perpetuity, by speaking the following words: 'In the name of almighty God, I, Countess Ermessenda, and I, bishop of Girona Pere Roger, give to God, to the Monastery of St. Felix of Guíxols, and to all the abbots or monks dwelling therein all the tithes and first fruits in perpetuity, or anything else that we possess and [anything that] we should possess, or can possess, or that another man [possesses] through us, in the parish of St. Cristina of Aro, along with the aforementioned castle of Benedormiens in its entirety, not keeping any of it for ourselves, along with its exits and entrances, so that they may protect the aforementioned castle from the port of Pinell to the port of Castellar, along the road that begins from the monastery and passes through Canellas and the plane or hill of St. Paul, to the parish of St. Mary of Fenals, continues straight to the river Ridaura, and descends from the aforementioned road along all the places to the sea. And we transfer [all this] from our possession, or that of [the Church of] St. Cristina, to the possession of [the Monastery of] St. Felix and everyone residing therein in perpetuity. Likewise I, the aforementioned Gaufred Vidal, and I, his wife Quíxol, give to God and to the Monastery of St. Felix of Guíxols all the property that we own in the parish of St. Cristina of Aro, from the port of Pinell to the aforementioned castle, along with all the tithes and first fruits of the aforementioned property, as well as the aforementioned castle, along with its enclosures and habitations, along the road that begins from the monastery, passes through Canellas and the plain or hill of St. Paul, opposite Fenals, reaches an end at the river Ridaura, and descends from the aforementioned road along all locations to the sea and to all the enclosures and habitations that we are handing over for the protection of the aforementioned castle, along the sea as well as among the homes of our men living in the parishes of St. Cristina or St. Maria of Fenals, so that the abbot of the aforementioned place may always have the castle protected, and we transfer [all the above] from our possession to that of [the Monastery of] St. Felix, keeping none of it for ourselves.' If anyone should venture to violate this agreement, may he fail to do so, and may he atone for it by handing over twice as much property to the aforementioned [Monastery of] St. Felix. [This document was] drawn up on the 26th of May in the tenth year of [the reign of] King Henry [of France]...

参照