Wiktionary英語版
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fulcio
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/15 14:51 UTC 版)
語源
Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”). De Vaan, however, doubts the possibility of a semantic connection between the Latin term, meaning "to support," and the Proto-Indo-European term, meaning "to swell." The root *bʰelg- has been proposed based on a possible connection with Ancient Greek φᾰ́λᾰγξ (phắlănx), Old High German balko, and Icelandic bjálki, although De Vaan rejects such connections. Rix posits, albeit uncertainly, the root *bʰelḱ-, from which a form *bʰl̥ḱ-yé-ti may have emerged, whence fulciō. However, the only other evidence for such a root is Ancient Greek φάλκης (phálkēs), which Beekes considers to be of Pre-Greek origin.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfʊɫ.ki.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈful̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.o]
動詞
fulciō (present infinitive fulcīre, perfect active fulsī, supine fultum); fourth conjugation
- to prop up, support
-
29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.246–249:
-
Iamque volāns apicem et latera ardua cernit
Atlantis dūrī, caelum quī vertice fulcit,
Atlantis, cīnctum adsiduē cui nūbibus ātrīs
pīniferum caput et ventō pulsātur et imbrī.-
And now, flying, he sees the peak and steep sides
of the tough Atlas, who supports the sky on his head,
of Atlas, whose pine-bearing head surrounded by dark clouds
is constantly beaten by wind as well as by rain.
-
And now, flying, he sees the peak and steep sides
-
Iamque volāns apicem et latera ardua cernit
-
- to strengthen, secure, support
- Synonyms: cōnfirmō, firmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, immunīo, sistō
- Antonyms: dēterō, atterō, effēminō, minuō, frangō, tenuō, afficiō
-
c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 2.1146–1149:
-
Omnia dēbet enim cibus integrāre novandō
et fulcīre cibus, cibus omnia sustentāre—
nēquīquam, quoniam nec vēnae perpetiuntur
quod satis est neque quantum opus est nātūra ministrat.-
For food should repair all by renewing
and strengthen, support everything—
but to no avail, because neither do veins contain
enough, nor does nature provide as much as necessary.
-
For food should repair all by renewing
-
Omnia dēbet enim cibus integrāre novandō
Conjugation
派生した語
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: furciri, fruciri, forcire, frochire
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: folcire
- Neapolitan: ⇒ affucire, affucí, affruticare (all dialectal)
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Romansh: fultscher
- Ibero-Romance:
- Galician: ⇒ refucir
- Borrowings:
参照
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “5. bhel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 122–123
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*bʰelk- ‘stützen’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 74
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1549
- “fulcio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fulcio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “fulcio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 247
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