出典:Wiktionary
Both surname and last name are extremely common terms for family names in all dialects of English. The former is somewhat more common in the UK and the latter in the US. Because of the cultural or gendered associations involved, however, it is increasingly common to prefer family name in multicultural or official contexts.
the original name of something or someone
the generic name
a pen name
the original name of something or someone
the continuation of a surname through the generations
the generic name
a pen name