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From Proto-Italic *pugnos, from Proto-Indo-European *puǵnos, *puḱnos, from *pewǵ- (“prick, punch”). Near cognates include Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”). Related to pungō (“to sting”).

pugnus m (genitive pugnī); second declension

Second-declension noun.

Balkan-Romance:
- Aromanian: pulmu
- Romanian: pumn, pubn, pugn
Asturian: puñu
Catalan: puny
Corsican: pugnu
Emilian: póggn, pùgn
→ Esperanto: pugno
Franco-Provençal: poueng
Friulian: pugn
Ido: pugno
Istriot: poûgno
Italian: pugno
- → Greek: μπουνιά f (bouniá)
Lombard: pugn
Neapolitan: punio
Old French: poing
- Middle French: poing
  - French: poing
- Norman: poing
- Walloon: pougn
Old Galician-Portuguese: punno, puno, puño, punho
- Galician: puño
- Portuguese: punho
Old Occitan:
- Occitan: ponh, punh
Old Spanish:
- Spanish: puño
Romansh: pugn, puogn
Sardinian: punzu, prunzu, pungiu, puniu
Sicilian: pugnu
Venetan: pugno

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pungō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499: “Derivatives > line 4 > pūgnus 'fist'”

“pugnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“pugnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"pugnus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“pugnus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1275c.

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