英和和英

語源

From earlier rōbus (with change of nominative after the pattern of iecur), from Proto-Italic *rouβos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), named for its reddish hardwood and thus cognate to ruber.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈroː.bʊr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈrɔː.bur]

名詞

rōbur n (genitive rōboris); third declension

1. a tough-wooded oak tree

   Coordinate terms: aesculus, cerrus, īlex, quercus, sūber

2. hardness
3. strength

   Synonyms: fortitūdō, vīs, ops, vehementia

   • c. 98 CE, Tacitus, Germania 6.4:

     In ūniversum aestimantī plūs penes peditem rōboris.

     In general, to one estimating, more of their strength is in their infantry.

   • c. 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 116.7:

     Satis natura dedit roboris si illo utamur.

     Nature has given us enough strength, if only we would employ it.

   • 69 BCE, Cicero, De Imperio Cn. Pompei 4, 9:

     ...atque Hispaniensis, quae multo plus firmamenti ac roboris habebat

     And the Spanish, who had very great support and strength...

4. stronghold

語形変化

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

• Note: an oblique stem rōburis was advocated by some grammarians, such as Gnipho.

派生語

派生した語

• Aromanian: arobul
• Aragonese: robre
• French: rouvre
• Catalan: roure
• Piedmontese: róvol, rol, rovr
• Galician: robra, rebor (archaic), Reboreda
• Italian: rovere
• Occitan: roire
• → Portuguese: roble
• Spanish: roble
• Sicilian: rùvulu
• Venetan: róare

参照

• “robur”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “robur”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "robur", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “robur”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “robur”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “robur”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• “robur”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin