英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈvæləm/

名詞

vallum (plural vallums or valla)

1. (historical, Ancient Rome) A rampart; a wall, as in a fortification.
2. (anatomy) The eyebrow.

関連する語

• vallar crown

参照

• “vallum”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwal.lũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈval.lum]

名詞

vallum n (genitive vallī); second declension

1. wall, rampart, entrenchment
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.13:

     […] ; quamquam de gloria vix dicere ausim, si nos et hostes haud secus quam feminas abditos intra vallum omnibus contumeliis eludunt, et […]

     […] ; though I had as lief not to speak of glory, when the enemy jeers us with much abuse as if women concealing behind walls, and […]

使用する際の注意点

• The nature of the root vowel (văllum or vāllum) is not properly known, though the West Germanic borrowing *wall, with a short vowel, seems to indicate the former. Most dictionaries that specify vowel length in closed syllables, especially those published in the 21st century, do not mark it as long.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生語

派生した語

• Italian: vallo
• Old Catalan:
  • Catalan: vall
• Old Galician-Portuguese:
  • Galician: valo
  • Portuguese: valo, vala
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: valla
• Sicilian: vaḍḍu
• → Albanian: avulli
• → English: vallum (learned)
• → Czech: val
• → Polish: wał
• → Romanian: val
• → Proto-West Germanic: *wall (see there for further descendants)

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

名詞

vallum

1. accusative singular of vallus (“stake”)

参照

• “vallum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vallum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "vallum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “vallum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to raise a rampart, earthwork: vallum iacere, exstruere, facere
    
  • (ambiguous) to fortify the camp with a rampart: castra munire vallo (aggere)
    
  • (ambiguous) to keep watch on the rampart: custodias agere in vallo
    
  • (ambiguous) to surround a town with a rampart and fosse: oppidum cingere vallo et fossa
    
• “vallum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vallum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin