Genuとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɛn.juː/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒiˌnu/, /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(j)u/
• 韻: -ɛnjuː

名詞

genu (複数形 genua)

1. (anatomy, zootomy) The knee.

   Hyponyms: genu valgum, genu varum

   1. A knee-like structure, in particular a bend in the corpus callosum of mammals.

派生語

• genual
• genu-

関連する語

• geniculate

参照

• “genu”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “genu”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

アナグラム

• Egun

Latin

別の表記

• genum, genus

語源

From Proto-Italic *genu, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu. Cognate with Ancient Greek γόνῠ (gónu, “knee; plant node”), German Knie, English knee, Dutch knie.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡe.nuː/, [ˈɡɛnuː] or IPA^(key): /ˈɡe.nu/, [ˈɡɛnʊ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒe.nu/, [ˈd͡ʒɛːnu]
• Note: the nominative/accusative ending vowel of 4th declension neuters is etymologically expected to be short, and is stated to be so by late grammarians. A long vowel would also be expected to be subject to iambic shortening in most forms. There are only two passages that conclusively require a long scansion.^[1][2][3][4]

名詞

genū n (genitive genūs); fourth declension

1. (literally, anatomy) a knee, kneejoint, kneepan
   • 4th century, St. Jerome, Vulgate, Philippians 2:10 [2]

     ut in nomine Jesu omne genu flectatur caelestium, terrestrium et infernorum

     that at the name of Jesus every knee should bend, of those in heaven, on earth, and under the earth.

2. an elbow
3. (transferred sense) an act of kneeling or beseeching
4. (transferred sense, botany) a knot, joint

   Synonym: geniculum

Inflection

Fourth-declension noun (neuter).

A rare genitive singular form genoris is attested epigraphically.^[5][6]

• 1910, Ernst Diehl, editor, Vulgärlateinische Inschriften, Bonn, page 98 f:

  testor nunc superōs: nōn hoc meruisse vidēbar
  in volnus genoris quot subitō occidimus.

  I bear witness before the Gods that I don't think I was deserving
  to have a sudden harm befall my knee

派生語

• geniculum
• genuflecto

派生した語

• Portuguese: geio (“terrace”)^[7] (Trás-os-Montes)

参照

• “genu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Further reading

• “genu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• genu in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• genu in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) the male, female sex: sexus (not genus) virilis, muliebris
    
  • (ambiguous) to choose a career, profession: genus vitae (vivendi) or aetatis degendae deligere
    
  • (ambiguous) to analyse a general division into its specific parts: genus universum in species certas partiri et dividere (Or. 33. 117)
    
  • (ambiguous) to transplant to Rome one of the branches of poesy: poesis genus ad Romanos transferre
    
  • (ambiguous) style: genus dicendi (scribendi); oratio
    
  • (ambiguous) elevated, moderate, plain style: genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
    
  • (ambiguous) a running style: fusum orationis genus
    
  • (ambiguous) a rough, unpolished style: inconditum dicendi genus (Brut. 69. 242)
    
  • (ambiguous) a bombastic style: inflatum orationis genus
    
  • (ambiguous) to adopt the language of everyday life: accedere ad cotidiani sermonis genus