Monachusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmo.na.kʰus/, [ˈmɔnäkʰʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmo.na.kus/, [ˈmɔːnäkus]

名詞

monachus m (genitive monachī); second declension (Late Latin)

1. monk

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

関連する語

派生した語

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: monaco
    • → Sardinian: monacu (modern form)
  • Neapolitan: monaco
  • Sicilian: mònacu, mònicu, mònucu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese: monago
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: moogo
    • Galician: Mogo (surname)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: monacu, monagu (inherited medieval forms)
• Borrowings:
  • → Albanian: murg
  • → Basque: monako
  • → Old Irish: manach (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *manax (see there for further descendants)
  • → Swahili: mmonaki

Reflexes of the variant monicus:

• North Italian:
  • Friulian: muini
  • Ligurian: mónego
  • Lombard: mòneg
  • Piedmontese: monio
  • Romansch: muntg, montg, muong
  • Venetian: munego, monego
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: monjo (see there for further descendants)
  • Franco-Provençal: mouéno, mouènou, mouêno, mouinno
  • Old French: monie (see there for further descendants)
  • Gascon: mounje, mounye, mouyne, mounàch
  • Old Occitan: monge (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *munik (see there for further descendants)

参照

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “mŏnăchus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 69

Further reading

• “monachus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• monachus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette