aestasとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/11 20:24 UTC 版)

語源

According to De Vaan, the term probably derives from Proto-Italic *aissāts, itself from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ-teh₂t-s, from the root *h₂eydʰ-. De Vaan proposes that the form *aissāts then underwent the analogical restoration of the suffix -tās during the transition to Latin.

De Vaan criticizes an alternative etymology from *h₂ e-h₂idʰ-eti, an i-reduplicated thematic present from the same root. This theory proposes that the aforementioned PIE form yielded *aīð-tu-, whence *aistu-, which is itself supposedly the source of both aestās and aestus. However, De Vaan argues that the existence of this reduplicated disyllabic PIE term is "unfounded." Moreover, De Vaan notes that -dʰt- becomes -ss- in Latin rather than -st-, preferring instead *h₂eydʰ-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *aissāt-s, which then had the suffix -t- consonant restored.

Cognate with Latin aestus, Ancient Greek αἴθω (aíthō), and 古期英語 ād (“pyre”).

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈae̯s.taːs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɛs.tas]

名詞

aestās f (genitive aestātis); third declension

summer

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	aestās	aestātēs
genitive	aestātis	aestātum
dative	aestātī	aestātibus
accusative	aestātem	aestātēs
ablative	aestāte	aestātibus
vocative	aestās	aestātēs

派生語

aestīvus

派生した語

Emilian: estè, estèd
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian:
  
  Campidanese: stadi
  
  Logudorese: istade
Italo-Dalmatian:
- Dalmatian: instuat
- Italian: estate (latinized), istate, state
- Sicilian: astati
- Venetan: istà
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: istât, instât
- Romansh: stad, sted
Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: esté
  - Middle French: esté
    - French: été
  - Norman: êté (Jersey), étaï (Guernsey)
  - Walloon: esté
Occitano-Romance:
- Old Occitan: estat
Ibero-Romance:
- Spanish: estad

参考

参照

↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “aestās”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

“aestas”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“aestas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“aestas”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- in the height of summer, depth of winter: summa aestate, hieme
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “aestas”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 229

[EDL-1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “aestās”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

aestasとは意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「aestas」の意味

aestas

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参考

参照

Further reading

「aestas」のお隣キーワード

aestasとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「aestas」の意味

aestas

語源

発音

名詞

語形変化

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

参考

参照

Further reading

「aestas」のお隣キーワード

aestasとは意味・読み方・使い方