英和和英

語源

Patterned on forms such as Irish-American, popularized by Jesse Jackson and in common use since the late 1980s.

発音

• IPA: /ˈæ.fɹɪ.kən əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/

名詞

African-American (plural African-Americans)

1. A member of an ethnic group consisting of Americans of black African (particularly Niger-Congo) descent.

   Synonyms: Afro-American, Afromerican, (slang, archaic, US) unbleached American; see also Thesaurus:person of color

2. (US, loosely, proscribed, sometimes offensive) Any black American person; by extension, any black person.

   Synonyms: black, (dated) Negro, (dated) colored, (highly offensive) nigger, (highly offensive, dated) darky

   Hypernyms: person of color, nonwhite

使用する際の注意点

• In the US, this term is often seen as a more formal and polite alternative to black.
• Aside from black and of color, most other synonyms are dated, and likely to be considered offensive in the US.
• This term is not generally used for Americans of North African descent, such as Moroccans or Lower Egyptians, nor is it used for European Africans. It is used specifically to denote a population within the United States whose ancestry can be traced to West and Central African peoples brought through the Atlantic slave trade, and whose collective historical experience has been shaped by slavery, racial segregation, and the civil rights movement. However, the term is at times applied imprecisely to other groups, including individuals of West Indian origin, recent African immigrants, or more broadly to any black individual, irrespective of distinct cultural, historical, or national backgrounds. This incorrect usage can cause offense.

派生語

形容詞

African-American (comparative more African-American, superlative most African-American)

1. Of a person, pertaining to the African-American ethnicity.

   Synonym: Afro-American

   • 2015 April 28, Ben Brumfield, “Baltimore riots: A few people tried to stop the unrest”, in CNN‎:

     The rioters overshadowed the message of peaceful protesters on prior days: They had called for justice for Gray, a 25-year-old African-American man who died from spinal injuries after police arrested him this month.

2. (US, loosely, proscribed, sometimes offensive, of a person) Black.
3. Of or pertaining to the culture of African-American people.

   African-American music

使用する際の注意点

• See the notes about the noun, above.

参照

Further reading

• African Americans on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “African-American”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “African-American”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “African-American”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.