英和和英

名詞

cavin (複数形 cavins)

1. (military) A hollow route, adapted to cover troops and facilitate their approach to a place.
   • 1747, John Muller, The Attack and Defence of Fortify'd Places, page 29:

     Having a sufficient Knowledge of the several Parts of the Fortification, by means of Spies, Deserters, Prisoners, and from printed or drawn Plans, The Nature of the Ground about the Place must be well examined and observed, whether there are any hollow Ways, or Cavins, by means of which the Trenches may be opened nearer than usual;

   • 1760, A New Military Dictionary: or, the Field of war.:

     These posts are sometimes covered by a rideau, or rising ground, or else by a cavin, or deep valley, which saves the trouble of fortifying them with parapets, fascines, gabions, barrels, or bags of earth.

   • 1788, William Henry Hall, The New Royal Encyclopaedia:

     A cavin near a place besieged is of great advantage to the besiegers; as by help hereof they can open trenches, make places of arms, keep guards of horse, and the like, without being exposed to the enemy's shot.

語源 2

cav(eola) +‎ -in. Coined in J. Vinten et al. (2005), “Identification of a major protein on the cytosolic face of caveolae”, in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes, volume 1717, issue 1, pages 34-40:

Cav-p60, a specific and ubiquitous caveolar protein, was […] identified as similar to a GeneBank entry annotated mouse polymerase transcript release factor (PTRF) […] The results show that in a large number of cell types, PTRF is essentially located to caveolae, and that each caveola harbors many copies of the protein. Consequently, we suggest the name Cavin [sic – not capitalised elsewhere in the article] for this protein.

名詞

cavin

1. (biochemistry) A type of protein that is involved in forming the caveola of many vertebrate cells.
   • 2011, Ivan R. Nabi, Cellular Domains, page 46:

     The observation that lipid rafts and caveolae were highly enriched in PS in the cytoplasmic leaflet of the membrane (Pike et al. 2002) nicely dovetails with recent findings that all cavin proteins that are required for caveola biogenesis bind PS.

   • 2015, Kwang W. Jeon, International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, page 238:

     The cavin family consists of four proteins now termed cavins 1e4 and encoded by the PTRF, SDPR, SRBC, and MURC genes, respectively. Interestingly, none of the early studies about each cavin charcterized it as a caveolar protein.

   • 2020, The Future of Pharmaceutical Product Development and Research, page 233:

     The cavin family of proteins is composed of four main types—cavin 1 (polymerase 1 かつ transcript release factor, PTRF), cavin 2 (serum deprivation response protein, SDPR), cavin 3 (protein kinase-c delta binding protein, PRKCDBP), and cavin 4 (muscle restricted coiled protein, MURC).

アナグラム

• vinca