英和和英

語源

Inherited from 古期英語 Engla land (“land of the Angles”), with haplology becoming usual by the end of the Early 中期英語 period; thus by surface analysis, Engle (“the English”) +‎ lond (“land”).

The variant Englene lond represents replacement of the 古期英語 genitive plural Engla (“of the English”) with more current Englene; see -ene.

発音

• IPA: /ˈɛnɡəlɔ̝ːnd/
• IPA: /ˈɛnɡlə ˌlɑːnd/, /ˈɛnɡlənə ˌlɑːnd/ (Early Middle English)

固有名詞

Engelond

1. England (a medieval kingdom in Northern Europe)
   • 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:

     […] and specıallẏ from euerẏ shire' ende / Of Engelond to Caunterburẏ theẏ wende / The holẏ blıſful martır foꝛ to seke / That hem hath holpen whan þᵗ theẏ weere seeke […]

     […] and specially from every county's end / of England to Canterbury they went / to seek the holy blessed martyr / that had helped them when they were sick […]

   • c. 1471, Joh[annes] fforteſcue, “Heꝛe aft͛ ys schewyd what haꝛme would come to Englond yf the cȏmons theꝛof weꝛe pooꝛe”, in [Governance of England] (Bodleian MS. Digby 145)‎, Adrıan[us] ffoꝛteſcu, published 1532, folio [148, recto]; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 16 August 2022:

     Sȏme men haue ſaıd that ıt war good foꝛ the kyng that the cȏmons of englond wer made poer as be the cȏmons of fruͣnce

     Some people have said that it would be good for the King if the commoners of England were made [as] poor as the commoners of France are.

2. Britain (a large island of Northern Europe)

   Synonym: Britayne

   • 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Ffrankeleẏns Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 155, recto:

     A yeer and moore laſted this bliſful lyf, / Til that the knyght of which I ſpeke of thus, / That of Kayrrud was cleped Arveragus, / Shoop hym to goon and dwelle a yeer or twayne / In Engelond, that cleped was ek Britayne

     A year and more lasted this blissful life, / Until the knight of whom I thus speak, / That was called Arveragus of Kayrrud, / Prepared himself to go and dwell a year or two / In England, which was also called Britain

   • 1461, John Wrexworth, Guyan King-of-Arms, Grant of Arms to William Swayne of Somerset (Add. MS. 14295, fo. 5b):

     The w blason I the foresayd Gwyon Kinge of Armes witnesse: not then borne of any other ꝑson whatsoever he bee win the Realme of England (otherwyse called the Ile of Great Brittaigne)

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

関連する語

• Englisch

派生した語

参考

• Gret Britaine, Grete Britayne, Grete Britaigne
• Wales
• Scotlond
• Cornwayle

参照