英和和英

発音

• enPR: hĕm, IPA: /hɛm/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA: /hɪm/
• 韻: -ɛm
• Homophone: him (pin–pen merger)

間投詞

hem

1. Used to fill in the gap of a pause with a vocalized sound.
   • 1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 195:

     "Hem! hem! however there will be a by-place for me behind the stove."

名詞

hem (plural hems)

1. An utterance or sound of the voice like "hem", often indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call attention.
   • January 8, 1712', John Dryden, The Spectator No. 269

     his morning hems

動詞

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

1. To make the sound expressed by the word hem; to hesitate in speaking.
   • 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

     Hem, and stroke thy beard.

   • 1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], chapter II, in Wuthering Heights: […], volume I, London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC:

     “Sit down,” said the young man, gruffly. “He’ll be in soon.”
     I obeyed; and hemmed, and called the villain Juno, who deigned, at this second interview, to move the extreme tip of her tail, in token of owning my acquaintance.

派生語

参考

• ahem
• haw

語源 2

From 中期英語 hem, hemm, in turn from 古期英語 hem, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian քամել (kʻamel, “to press, wring”), Russian ком (kom, “lump”).

The verb is from 中期英語 hemmen, from 古期英語 hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną, or alternatively derived from the noun.

発音

• enPR: hĕm, IPA: /hɛm/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA: /hɪm/
• 韻: -ɛm
• Homophone: him (pin–pen merger)

名詞

hem (plural hems)

1. (sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.
2. A rim or margin of something.
   • c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:

     Entombed upon the very hem o' th' sea

3. In sheet metal design, a rim or edge folded back on itself to create a smooth edge and to increase strength or rigidity.

派生語

動詞

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

1. (sewing, intransitive) To make a hem.
2. (transitive) To put hem on an article of clothing, to edge or put a border on something.
3. (transitive) To shut in, enclose, confine; to surround something or someone in a confining way.

   A small yard hemmed about by a tall hedge.

   • 1862, John Williamson Palmer, Stonewall Jackson's Way:

     He’s in the saddle now. Fall in! Steady, the whole brigade! Hill’s at the ford, cut off — we’ll win his way out, ball and blade! What matter if our shoes are worn? What matter if our feet are torn? “Quick step! We’re with him before the morn!” That’s “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.”
     The sun’s bright lances rout the mists of morning, and by George! Here’s Longstreet struggling in the lists, hemmed in an ugly gorge. Pope and his Yankees, whipped before, “Bay’nets and grape!” hear Stonewall roar; “Charge, Stuart! Pay off Ashby’s score!” in “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.

派生語

語源 3

From 中期英語 hem, from 古期英語 heom (“them”, dative), originally a dative plural form but in 中期英語 coming to serve as an accusative plural as well. More at 'em.

代名詞

hem

1. Obsolete form of 'em.
   • 1481, William Caxton, The Historie of Reynart the Foxe:

     And wente to the kinge and to the queene, and said to hem with a glad cheer.

   • 1485, William Caxton, Paris and Vienne:

     For eyther of hem mayntened.

   • 1591, John Florio, Second Frutes to be gathered of twelve trees, of diverse but delightful tastes to the tongues of Italian and English:

     ‘What thinke you of this English, tel me I pray you.’ ‘It is a language that wyl do you good in England but passe Dover, it is woorth nothing.’ ‘Is it not used then in other countreyes?’ ‘No sir, with whom wyl you that they speake?’ ‘With English marchants.’ ‘English marchantes, when they are out of England, it liketh hem not, and they doo not speake it.

   • 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “May. Ægloga Quinta.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC:

     Tho to the greene wood they speeden hem all.

   • 1598, Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Humour. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     Except we make hem such.

   • 1605 August (first performance), Geo[rge] Chapman, Ben Ionson, Ioh[n] Marston, Eastward Hoe. […], London: […] [George Eld] for William Aspley, published September 1605, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

     They go forth on Holydays and gather hem by the seashore.

Further reading

• “hem”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “hem”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “hem”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• Meh, meh, ehm

名詞

hem m

1. hem, border

参照

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “hem”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

代名詞

hem (nominative he)

1. Third-person plural accusative pronoun: them
   • 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9–11.

     And smale foweles maken melodye, / That slepen al the nyght with open eye- / (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);

     And many little birds make melody / That sleep through all the night with open eye / (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)

   • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:

     And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 1539, Murdoch Nisbet, The New Testament:

     He prayis hem to lyue releg[ious] lyff[is] and to luk waraly for the cummyng of the lord.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (reflexive) themselves

別の表記

• heme, hemme, heom, heon, hoem, hom, home, huem, hum, ham, hame, him, hym, em, am, ȝam

派生した語

• English: 'em, hem
• Fingallian: a'me
• Yola: aam, ame

参考

参照

• “hem, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 2

From 古期英語 hem. See English hem for more.

名詞

hem

1. hem (edge of cloth or garment)
2. edge, boundary

別の表記

• heme, hemme, hemn, hemne

派生した語

• English: hem
• Scots: hem, heme

参照

• “hem, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

語源 3

代名詞

hem

1. alternative form of him (“him”)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈhẽː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈɛm]

間投詞

hem

1. eh?, really?, well, well!, just look! (expressing surprise)
   • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 194:

     DĀVUS: Nōn hercle intellegō. SĪMŌ: Nōn? Hem? DĀVUS: Nōn — Dāvus sum, nōn Oedipus.

     DAVUS: By Hercules, I don’t know [what you’re talking about].
     SIMO: You don’t? Really?
     DAVUS: Nope — I’m Davus, not Oedipus.
     (The wily slave Davus acts as if his master Simo speaks in riddles: Oedipus famously solved the riddle of the sphinx.)

関連する語

参考

参照

• “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers