英和和英

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/07/26 03:23 UTC 版)

語源 1

From the rebracketing of words formed from fourth-conjugation verbs affixed with -scō (i.e. concupīscō (“to desire greatly”)).

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈiːs.koː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈis.ko]

接尾辞

-īscō (present infinitive -īscere, perfect active -ī, supine -um); third conjugation

alternative form of -ēscō

参照

^ Vine, Brent (1993), “Greek -ίσϰω and Indo-European “*-isk̑e/o-””, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎, volume 106, number 1, →ISSN, page 50
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 507
^ Lindsay, W. M. (1894), The Latin Language, pages 479-480:

Roots extended by -ā, -ē, -ō like g̑nō- from g̑en-, keep this vowel long, as is their custom in such cases (§ 2); hence (g)nō-sco (Gk. γι-γνώσκω, Epir. γνώσκω), (g)nā-scor, crē-sco, viē-sco, hiā-sco; and similarly Latin Intransitives in -eo (§ 32) and Derivatives in -o (for *-⁠āyō), -eo, -io (ib.), e. g. rŭbē-sco, con-tĭcē-sco, īrā-scor, flāvē-sco, ob-dormī-sco, ercī-sco [erceiscunda on the Lex Rubria, C. I. L. i. 205. (2). 55], descīsco (with tall form of I on Mon. Anc. v. 28, which also offers nascerer with an apex over the a); though at a later time, when the difference of quantity between vowels had become less marked, we find some uncertainty about the e of quiesco (see Gellius, vii. 15, who decides in favour of quiēsco, on the strength of călēsco, nĭtēsco, stŭpēsco and other Inceptives ; cf. ch. ii. § 144).
^ W. Sidney Allen (1978), Vox Latina, 2nd edition, pages 38-39:

Vowels before sc. Before the verbal suffix -sc- the vowel is long in nearly all cases (nō sco, crēsco, pāsco, nāscor, quiēsco, obliuīscor, rubēsco, nancīscor, etc.); probable exceptions are pŏsco, dĭsco, compĕsco, Old Latin ĕscit, similarly mĭsceo, in which the sc derives from originally more complex consonant-groups. The rule is implied in general by Gellius (vii, 15), and supported by inscriptional forms such as créscéns (also Κρησκης), consenésceret, nótésceret, d(esc)ꟾscentem, náscerer, quiéscere, oblꟾuꟾscemur, erceiscunda; absence of vowel weakening in a medial syllable also indicates ā for hiasco (which would otherwise become hiesco).

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɪs.koː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈis.ko]

接尾辞

-iscō

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -iscus

[1] Vine, Brent (1993), “Greek -ίσϰω and Indo-European “*-isk̑e/o-””, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎, volume 106, number 1, →ISSN, page 50

[2] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 507

[3] Lindsay, W. M. (1894), The Latin Language, pages 479-480:

Roots extended by -ā, -ē, -ō like g̑nō- from g̑en-, keep this vowel long, as is their custom in such cases (§ 2); hence (g)nō-sco (Gk. γι-γνώσκω, Epir. γνώσκω), (g)nā-scor, crē-sco, viē-sco, hiā-sco; and similarly Latin Intransitives in -eo (§ 32) and Derivatives in -o (for *-⁠āyō), -eo, -io (ib.), e. g. rŭbē-sco, con-tĭcē-sco, īrā-scor, flāvē-sco, ob-dormī-sco, ercī-sco [erceiscunda on the Lex Rubria, C. I. L. i. 205. (2). 55], descīsco (with tall form of I on Mon. Anc. v. 28, which also offers nascerer with an apex over the a); though at a later time, when the difference of quantity between vowels had become less marked, we find some uncertainty about the e of quiesco (see Gellius, vii. 15, who decides in favour of quiēsco, on the strength of călēsco, nĭtēsco, stŭpēsco and other Inceptives ; cf. ch. ii. § 144).

[4] W. Sidney Allen (1978), Vox Latina, 2nd edition, pages 38-39:

Vowels before sc. Before the verbal suffix -sc- the vowel is long in nearly all cases (nō sco, crēsco, pāsco, nāscor, quiēsco, obliuīscor, rubēsco, nancīscor, etc.); probable exceptions are pŏsco, dĭsco, compĕsco, Old Latin ĕscit, similarly mĭsceo, in which the sc derives from originally more complex consonant-groups. The rule is implied in general by Gellius (vii, 15), and supported by inscriptional forms such as créscéns (also Κρησκης), consenésceret, nótésceret, d(esc)ꟾscentem, náscerer, quiéscere, oblꟾuꟾscemur, erceiscunda; absence of vowel weakening in a medial syllable also indicates ā for hiasco (which would otherwise become hiesco).

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