英和和英

語源

From Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha, “Passover”), from Aramaic פַּסְחָא (pasḥā), from Biblical Hebrew פֶּסַח (pésaḥ).

発音

• pascha:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpas.kʰa]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpas.ka]
• paschā:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈpas.kʰaː]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈpas.ka]

名詞

pascha n or f (genitive paschae or paschatis or paschatos); variously declined, first declension, third declension

1. Pascha / Passover or Easter
2. the Paschal Lamb

語形変化

Koine Greek πάσχα (páskha) was neuter and invariable in form; however, the Latin word is found with various declension patterns and genders:

• Inflection as a neuter noun of the first declension, although unique, is attested in a number of Christian sources. In sources where the genitive/dative singular is unattested, the nominative/accusative/ablative singular forms could instead be interpreted as examples of an invariable declension.
• It can also be found as a feminine first-declension noun, inflected regularly.
• The alternative third-declension stem paschat- was presumably created by analogy to third-declension neuter nouns from Greek that end in -ma and have stems in -mat-.
• The plural forms are rare (and some grammarians even describe the plural as lacking); however, a neuter plural form pascha is attested in the commentary of Jerome on the book of Isiah ("tria pascha").

派生語

• pascha crucifīxiōnis (“pascha of the crucifixion, crucifixional pascha”)
• pascha resurrēctiōnis (“pascha of the resurrection, resurrectional pascha”)
• paschālis

派生した語

参考

• phase

Notes

参照

Further reading

• “pascha”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "pascha", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “pascha”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.