英和和英

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/09/02 18:33 UTC 版)

語源

From Proto-Italic *kʷ erkʷus, assimilated from Proto-Indo-European *pérkus ~ *pr̥kʷéu- (“oak”). The term appears to showcase that the assimilation of *kʷu to *ku postdated the assimilation of *p ... *kʷ to *kʷ ... *kʷ, which contradicts the relative chronology implied by Celtic forms such as Hercynia and therefore poses a problem for the Italo-Celtic hypothesis. To resolve this issue, it may be proposed that the assimilation of *p ... *kʷ to *kʷ ... *kʷ occured regularly in the oblique cases and then spread analogically to the nominative. Cognate with Old Norse fýri (as in fýriskógr (“pine-wood”). See also English fir.

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkʷɛr.kʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkʷɛr.kus]

名詞

quercus f (genitive quercūs or quercī); variously declined, fourth declension, second declension

an oak, oak-tree, especially an Italian oak (Quercus frainetto)

Coordinate terms: aesculus, cerrus, īlex, rōbur, sūber

Hypernym: arbor

Meronym: glāns
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.441–443:
  
  Ac velut annōsō validam cum rōbore quercum
  Alpīnī Boreae nunc hinc nunc flātibus illinc
  ēruere inter sē certant; [...].
  
  And just as a mighty oak with strength in age, when Alpine Northwinds — by [their] blows, now [to] this side, now that — compete among themselves to uproot [it]; [...].
(poetic) something made from oak wood (e.g., an oaken ship, an oaken javelin, etc.)

使用する際の注意点

The Italian oak was considered sacred to the god Jupiter.

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -ubus) or fourth-declension noun or second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	quercus	quercūs quercī
genitive	quercūs quercī	quercuum quercōrum
dative	quercuī quercō	quercubus quercibus quercīs
accusative	quercum	quercūs quercōs
ablative	quercū quercō	quercubus quercibus quercīs
vocative	quercus querce	quercūs quercī

派生語

querceus
quercī̆nus
quernus
querquētum

派生した語

Translingual: Quercus
⇒ Galician: cerquiño, cerqueiro
Italian: quercia
Portuguese: querco
Sicilian: cerza
Spanish: alcornoque

参考

rōbur

参照

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “quercus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 506-507
^ Weiss, M. (2022), “Italo-Celtic”, in Olander, T., editor, The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 103-104
^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, pages 465-466

“quercus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“quercus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“quercus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “quercus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 506-507

[2] Weiss, M. (2022), “Italo-Celtic”, in Olander, T., editor, The Indo-European Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 103-104

[3] Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, pages 465-466

・Quercus
・Turk Flu
・horison
・point-group
・location detection
・rotman
・Red Tail
・mudarabahs
・CD11A
・Desmidium

英和和英

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Quercus

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Quercus

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quercus

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quercus

語源

発音

名詞

使用する際の注意点

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参考

参照

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