英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtɛn.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtɛn.do]

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *tendō, from Proto-Indo-European *ténd-e-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *tend-, extension of Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, draw”). Sihler traces the /d/ back to the ordinary present suffix -ye in position after *n (cf. offendō, dēfendō from *gʷʰen-ye-). Cognates include Ancient Greek τείνω (teínō), Sanskrit तनोति (tanóti) and 古期英語 þennan. The perfect stem, tetend-, is a combination of the present stem tend- and the Proto-Italic perfect stem teton-.

動詞

tendō (present infinitive tendere, perfect active tetendī, supine tentum or tēnsum); third conjugation

1. to stretch, stretch out, distend, extend
2. to direct oneself or one's course; to aim, strive, go, travel, march, tend, bend one's course in any direction

   Synonyms: lūctor, certō, cōnītor, cōnor, ēnītor, ēlabōrō, appetō, affectō, temptō, quaerō, studeō, contendō, adnītor, īnsequor, labōrō, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, nītor, spectō, intendō

   Antonyms: āversor, abhorreō, dēclīnō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneid 1.204–206:

     “Per variōs cāsūs, per tot discrīmina rērum,
     tendimus in Latium, sēdēs ubi fāta quiētās
     ostendunt; illīc fās rēgna resurgere Troiae.”

     “Through varied misfortunes, through so many hazards of circumstances, we aim our course into Latium, where the Fates reveal [to us a] peaceful homeland; there it is divine will that the kingdom of Troy shall rise again.”

3. to go, proceed, extend, stretch
4. to aim, strive, be directed or inclined, to tend in any direction
5. to exert oneself, to strive, endeavor
   • 29-19 BC, Virgil, Aeneid, volume II.220v:

     Ille (Laocoon) simul manibus tendit divellere nodos, [...]

     He (Laocoon) immediately endeavoured to loosen the knots fettering him with his hands, [...]

6. (in particular) To exert oneself in opposition, to strive, try, endeavor, contend
7. to set up tents, to be under tents, be encamped, to encamp
8. to speak to somebody

Conjugation

• The supine form is either tentum or the later analogical tēnsum.

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

語源 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “sinew, tendon”), with spelling influenced by tendō (verb). Doublet of tenōn which was borrowed earlier.

名詞

tendō m (genitive tendinis); third declension (Medieval Latin)

1. (anatomy) tendon

Inflection

Third-declension noun.

派生語

• tendinōsus (adjective)

派生した語

• → English: tendon
• → French: tendon
  • → Romanian: tendon
  • →? Turkish: tendon
• → Galician: tendón
• → Italian: tendine
• → Portuguese: tendão
• → Spanish: tendón

参照

Further reading

• “tendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “tendo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to journey towards a place: tendere aliquo
    
  • where are you going: quo tendis?
    
  • to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
    
  • to waylay a person: insidias alicui parare, facere, struere, instruere, tendere
    
  • to raise the hands to heaven (attitude of prayer): (supinas) manus ad caelum tendere