英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈtɛnd/
• IPA: /ˈtɪnd/ (pin–pen merger)
• 韻: -ɛnd
• ハイフネーション: tend

語源 1

From 中期英語 *tenden, from Old French tendre (“to stretch, stretch out, hold forth, offer, tender”), from Latin tendere (“to stretch, stretch out, extend, spread out”).

動詞

tend (third-person singular simple present tends, present participle tending, simple past and past participle tended)

1. (law) To make a tender of; to offer or tender.
2. (auxiliary) To be likely, or probable to do something, or to have a certain habit or leaning. [from mid-14th c.]

   They tend to go out on Saturdays.

   It tends to snow here in winter.

   I was tending to get up later and later after the breakup.

   • 1961, Rhoads Murphey, “The Middle Kingdom: Splendid Isolation”, in An Introduction to Geography (Rand McNally Geography Series)‎, Chicago: Rand McNally & Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 418, column 1:

     Difficult broken country extends almost to the coast between Swatow (Shant’ou) on the south and Hangchow on the north, and this succession of barriers has tended to cut off southeast coastal China from the main body of the country.

3. (intransitive) To contribute to or toward some outcome.
   • 1812, William Cobbett, The Parliamentary History of England:

     The Lords in 1722 declared that annexing such Clauses tends to the destruction of this government. And yet there are such bills every session and you pass them.

使用する際の注意点

• In sense 2, this is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive.
• See Appendix:English catenative verbs

派生語

関連する語

参考

語源 2

From 中期英語 tenden, by apheresis of attenden (“to attend”). More at attend.

別の表記

• 'tend (obsolete)

動詞

tend (third-person singular simple present tends, present participle tending, simple past and past participle tended)

1. (with to) To look after (e.g. an ill person.) [from early 14th c.]

   We need to tend to the garden, which has become a mess.

2. To accompany as an assistant or protector; to care for the wants of; to look after; to watch; to guard.

   Shepherds tend their flocks.

   • 1847, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Threnody:

     There's not a sparrow or a wren, / There's not a blade of autumn grain, / Which the four seasons do not tend / And tides of life and increase lend.

   • 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species (1859) :

     Man selects only for his own good; Nature only for that of the being which she tends.

3. To wait (upon), as attendants or servants; to serve; to attend.
   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:

     Was he not companion with the riotous knights / That tend upon my father?

4. (obsolete) To await; to expect.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     Had I not. Four or five women once that tended me?

5. (obsolete) To be attentive to; to note carefully; to attend to.
   • 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:

     Being to descend / A ladder much in height, I did not tend / My way well down.

     The spelling has been modernized.

6. (transitive, nautical) To manage (an anchored vessel) when the tide turns, to prevent it from entangling the cable when swinging.

同意語

• (to look after): care for, minister to, nurse, see to, take care of
• (to accompany as an assistant): guard, look after, watch
• (to wait upon): See also Thesaurus:serve
• (to await): See also Thesaurus:wait for
• (to be attentive to): attend to
• (to manage when the tide turns):

派生語

語源 3

From 中期英語 tenden, from 古期英語 tendan (“to kindle, set on fire”) (usually in compounds ātendan, fortendan, ontendan), from Proto-Germanic *tandijaną (“to kindle”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Danish tænde (“to kindle”), Swedish tända (“to ignite”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (tandjan, “to kindle”), Icelandic tendra (“to ignite”), German zünden (“to light, ignite, fire”). Related to tinder.

別の表記

• teend, tende, tind, tinde, teen
• teind, tynd, tynde, tine (Scotland)

動詞

tend (third-person singular simple present tends, present participle tending, simple past and past participle tended)

1. (transitive, now chiefly dialectal) To kindle; ignite; set on fire; light; inflame; burn.

派生語

Further reading

• “tend”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “tend”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “tend”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• Dent, dent