英和和英

語源

Perfect passive participle of advertō (“to turn toward”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [adˈwɛr.sʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [adˈvɛr.sus]

Participle

adversus (feminine adversa, neuter adversum, superlative adversissimus); first/second-declension participle

1. set opposite, adverse, having been set against.

   Synonym: dīversus

   Nē Herculēs quidem adversus duōs.

   Not even Hercules fights against two.

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita I.15:

     adversa pugna

     The defeated battle

2. turned toward, having been turned toward.
3. hostile

   Synonyms: āversus, hostīlis, inimīcus, īnfēnsus, īnfestus, oblīquus, dīversus, inīquus

   Antonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis, benevolēns

   • c. 56 CE – 117 CE, Tacitus, De origine et situ Germanorum 2:

     ...et inmensus ultra utque sic dixerim adversus Oceanus raris ab orbe nostro navibus aditur.

     ...and the boundless and, so to speak, hostile ocean beyond us, is seldom entered by a sail from our world.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

前置詞

adversus (+ accusative)

1. facing, opposite
2. (direction) towards
3. (hostility) against
4. in comparison with

派生した語

参照

• “adversus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “adversus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "adversus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “adversus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • misfortune, adversity: res adversae, afflictae, perditae
    
  • (ambiguous) against the stream; upstream: flumine adverso
    
  • (ambiguous) to have favourable, contrary, winds: ventis secundis, adversis uti
    
  • (ambiguous) misfortune, adversity: fortuna adversa
    
  • (ambiguous) to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
    
  • (ambiguous) to attack the enemy in the front: adversis hostibus occurrere
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    
  • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta
    
• Online Latin dictionary, Olivetti