英和和英

語源

The noun is derived from down (preposition) +‎ shift (“slight change or movement”). The verb is derived from the noun.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/
• ハイフネーション: down‧shift

名詞

downshift (plural downshifts) (chiefly Canada, US)

1. A change of direction or a movement downwards.
2. A reduction in quality or quantity.
3. A change in career or lifestyle to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
4. (automotive, cycling) A shift of a transmission into a lower gear, as dictated by heavier load on the engine, as for example when climbing a hill or strongly accelerating.

   Antonym: upshift

   Hypernym: gear change

   Hyponym: kickdown

   • 2000, Bob Foster, Birdum or Bust!, Henley Beach, SA: Seaview Press, page 197:

     The driver, Lindsay, gave me a regal wave at the top after he had completed a series of perfect downshifts[.]

関連する語

参考

動詞

downshift (third-person singular simple present downshifts, present participle downshifting, simple past and past participle downshifted) (chiefly Canada, US)

1. (transitive)
   1. To reduce (something) in quality or quantity (as effect, scope, speed, etc.)

      Synonym: attenuate

      • 2019 August 14, A. A. Dowd, “Good Boys Puts a Tween Spin on the R-rated Teen Comedy, to Mostly Funny Effect”, in The A.V. Club‎, archived from the original on 4 March 2021:

        But in this variation on Superbad's wild night of transgression, downshifting the age of the protagonists from teen to tween actually only enhances the stealth, wide-eyed innocence that secretly drives this genre of pre-college hedonism.

   2. To change (one's career or lifestyle) to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
   3. (automotive, cycling) To shift (a car or bicycle) into a lower gear.

      Antonym: upshift

      Hypernym: shift gears

      • a. 1962, Ernest Hemingway, chapter 27, in The Garden of Eden, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1986, →ISBN, page 229:

        He brought the car to a stop before the bridge, downshifted and then put her at the road again in a rising disciplined snarl along the N.6 to Cannes.

2. (intransitive)
   1. To function at a lower rate; to slacken.
   2. To change one's career or lifestyle to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
   3. (automotive, cycling) To shift a transmission into a lower gear.

      Antonym: upshift

      In a stick-shift vehicle, the driver must downshift when necessary; in an automatic, the transmission downshifts as needed.

派生語

• downshifter
• downshifting (noun)

参照

Further reading

• downshifting (lifestyle) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• manual transmission on Wikipedia.Wikipedia