英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsɛr.wi.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsɛr.vi.o]

動詞

serviō (present infinitive servīre, perfect active servīvī or serviī, supine servītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive

1. to be a slave to; to serve [with dative]

   Synonyms: oboediō, appāreō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.103-104:

     “[...] Liceat Phrygiō servīre marītō,
     dōtālīsque tuae Tyriōs permittere dextrae.”

     “[This arrangement will] permit [Dido] to be enslaved to her Phrygian husband [Aeneas], and — as her dowry — to surrender the Tyrians into your hands.”
     (Juno mocks Dido and insults Venus’s son, Aeneas, yet tries to tempt Venus with shared dominion over Carthage.)

   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 92:

     Nemo liber est qui corpori servit

     No one is free who is a slave to his body.

2. to be devoted to, subject to [with dative]

   Synonyms: dēdō, studeō

3. to have respect to, regard or care for, consult

   Synonyms: cōnsulō, cūrō, accūrō, cōnsultō, colō, respiciō

4. to aim at

   Synonyms: tendō, intendō, spectō, quaerō, affectō

Conjugation

The only passive forms found for this verb are third-person singular.

Chiefly pre-classical, but used poetically during the Classical period.

関連する語

派生した語

参考

• servō

参照

Further reading

• “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “servio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere
    
  • to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: commodis alicuius servire
    
  • to have regard for one's good name: famae servire, consulere
    
  • to be the slave of one's desires: cupiditatibus servire, pārēre
    
  • to be careful of one's dignity: dignitati suae servire, consulere
    
  • (ambiguous) to examine slaves by torture: de servis quaerere (in dominum)