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trux

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/21 02:20 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

Of unclear origin.

De Vaan prefers to connect the word to Proto-Celtic *drukos (“bad”), assuming a sound change from Proto-Indo-European *dr- > Latin tr-. However, this assumes that the Celtic form derives from a Proto-Indo-European root starting with *dr- (instead of a different consonant cluster like *dʰr-), which is far from certain.

An alternative theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *truḱ-, a metathesis of *turḱ-, zero-grade of *twerḱ- (“to cut”). In this case, cognate with Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx), Old Irish tru, troich (“fated to die”) and others in Sanskrit and Hittite.

発音

形容詞

trux (genitive trucis, comparative trucior, superlative trucissimus, adverb truciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

  1. wild, rough, harsh, savage, fierce, ferocious
    Synonyms: torvus, saevus, truculentus, ferōx, atrōx, violēns, immānis, efferus, ferus, crūdēlis, barbaricus, silvāticus, ācer, acerbus, sevērus
    Antonyms: mītis, tranquillus, misericors, placidus, quietus, clemens
  2. grim, stern

語形変化

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

singular plural
masc./fem. neuter masc./fem. neuter
nominative trux trucēs trucia
genitive trucis trucium
dative trucī trucibus
accusative trucem trux trucēs trucia
ablative trucī
truce		 trucibus
vocative trux trucēs trucia

派生語

派生した語

  • → Italian: truce

参照

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “trux, -cis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 631
  2. ^ Partridge, Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English

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