英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [wi.ɔˈɫaː.ke.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [vi.oˈlaː.t͡ʃe.us]

形容詞

violāceus (feminine violācea, neuter violāceum); first/second-declension adjective

1. violet (coloured)
   • c. 110 BCE – c. 25 BCE, Cornelius Nepos, Fragments 27.2:

     Mē . . . iuuene uiolācea purpura uigēbat, cuius lībra dēnāriīs centum uenībat, nec multō post rubra Tarentīna. huic successit dibapha Tyria, quae in lībrās dēnāriīs mīlle nōn poterat emī. hāc P. Lentulus Spinthēr aedīlis curūlis prīmus in praetextā ūsus inprobābātur. quā purpurā quis nōn iam . . . trīclīniāria facit?

     In my day, violet-colored (i.e., dark) purple was in esteem, and you could buy it for a hundred denarii a pound, and shortly after that, the red Tarentine purple. Then appeared double-dyed Tyrian, which you by the pound couldn't buy with a thousand denarii. Publius Lentulus Spinther, when he was aedile of the curule seat, used this purple in his praetexta toga, first one to do that, and he was criticized for it. This purple, who doesn't now make already dining room cushions with it?

   Synonym: (fashion color) ianthinus

使用する際の注意点

• The Romans allied the color of Viola odorata violets to the notion of "black", as they also did with deep blue colors. Vergil: quid tum, sī fuscus Amyntās? / et nigrae uiolae sunt et uaccīnia nigra ("What then, if Amyntas is swarthy? violets are black too, and irises are black").
• The Roman name of violets extended to the wallflowers, which were of a totally different color.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

参考

参照

• “violaceus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “violaceus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.