Calumniaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Uncertain. In the EDL, De Vaan suggests a derivation from earlier *kalwomno- (“deceiving, accusing”), itself an archaic mediopassive participle related to calvor (“to deceive”). According to De Vaan, the absence of the development -lw- > -ll- implies an even earlier variant *kalu- or *kalVw-. In a later publication, De Vaan suggests a possible derivation from *kalomno-, itself from *kelh₁- (“to call out to”). This pre-form might reflect an earlier thematic present *kalō, which is possibly the source of calō and Umbrian 𐌊𐌀𐌛𐌄𐌕𐌖 (kařetu). See *kelō for more information.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [kaˈɫʊm.ni.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kaˈlum.ni.a]

名詞

calumnia f (genitive calumniae); first declension

1. A cunning device, trickery, artifice, sophistry, chicanery.
2. A pretence, evasion, subterfuge.
3. A misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil.
4. A false accusation or prosecution, malicious charge.

語形変化

First-declension noun.

派生語

• calumnior
• calumniōsus

関連する語

• calumniātor
• calumniātrīx
• calumniōsē

派生した語

参照

• “calumnia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “calumnia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "calumnia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “calumnia”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • chicanery (specially of wrongfully accusing an innocent man): calumniae litium (Mil. 27. 74)
    
• “calumnia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “calumnia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin