Filmとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English filme, from 古期英語 filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-Germanic *filminją (“thin skin, membrane”) (compare Proto-Germanic *felma- (“skin, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pélno-mo (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”). Cognate with Old Frisian filmene (“thin skin, human skin”), Dutch vel (“sheet, skin”), German Fell (“skin, hide, fur”), Swedish fjäll (“fur blanket, cloth, scale”), Norwegian fille (“rag, cloth”), Lithuanian plėvē (“membrane, scab”), Russian плева́ (plevá, “membrane”), Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”). More at fell. Sense of a thin coat of something is 1577, extended by 1845 to the coating of chemical gel on photographic plates. By 1895 this also meant the coating plus the paper or celluloid.

名詞

film (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 films)

1. A thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity.

   a clear plastic film for wrapping food

   • 1712, Alexander Pope, Messiah:

     He from thick films shall purge the visual ray.

2. (photography) A medium used to capture images in a camera.
3. A movie.
4. (film, uncountable) Cinema; movies as a group.
   • 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions‎^[1], volume 5, number 1, MDPI, DOI:10.3390/rel5010219, pages 219-257:

     Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.

5. A slender thread, such as that of a cobweb.
   • c. 1591–1595, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene iv]:

     Her whip of cricket's bone, the lash of film.

同意語

• (motion picture): movie

派生語

動詞

film (三人称単数 現在形 films, 現在分詞 filming, 過去形および過去分詞形 filmed)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To record (activity, または a motion picture) on photographic film.

   A Hollywood studio was filming on location in NYC.

   I tried to film the UFO as it passed overhead.

2. (transitive) To cover or become covered with a thin skin or pellicle.
   • 1603, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act III, scene 4, lines 146:

     It will but skin and film the ulcerous place.

   • 2012, Nathan Archer, Valhalla:

     Her legs folded under her, and her eyes filmed over.

派生した語

アナグラム

• MILF, milf