majorationとは 意味・読み方・使い方

名詞

majoration (countable and uncountable, plural majorations)

1. (obsolete) Increase; enlargement.
   • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “II. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

     there be five ways (in general) of majoration in sounds: inclosure simple; inclosure with dilatation; communication; reflexion concurrent; and approach to the sensory.

2. (mathematics) The establishment of conditions for an upper bound of an expression.
   • 2001, Anatolii Puhalskii, Large Deviations and Idempotent Probability, page 359:

     […] we could in Theorem 5.1.5 (respectively, Theorem 5.1.10) require only the continuity condition if we strengthened the majoration condition (respectively, local majoration condition) to the strict majoration condition (respectively, local strict majoration condition).

   • 2017, Alexander Gushchin, Esko Valkeila, “Quadratic Approcimation for Log-Likelihood Ratio Processes”, in Vladimir Panov, editor, Modern Problems of Stochastic Analysis and Statistics, page 194:

     First, the majoration conditions X.1.57(c) in [16] and M(c) in [6] are quite restrictive.

3. A markup on an import or export.
   • 1927, U.S. Customs Court Reappraisement Circulars, page 95:

     The appraiser advanced the item for majoration from 10 per cent to 15 per cent because the exporter had added 15 per cent majoration to some other invoices. An official of the exporting company explained that the difference in majoration was accounted for not on account of the quantity sold but by reason of the differences in the articles sold each purchaser requiring a different kind and a different quality of merchandise, and also on account of varying dates when complete and exact ascertainments of costs had theretofore been made.

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