super-tokenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Coined by Sali Tagliamonte in 2006.

発音

• (Canada, 米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈsupɚˌtoʊkən/

名詞

super-token (複数形 super-tokens)

1. (sociolinguistics) An instance of the same speaker/signer using two or more variants of a sociolinguistic variable in the same section of discourse.
   • 2006, Sali A. Tagliamonte, Analysing Sociolinguistic Variation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 168:

     Another useful technique is to incorporate ‘super-tokens’ directly into the top of the token file so that they are readily found when needed; for example, writing an abstract or reporting preliminary results.

   • 2010, Panayiotis A. Pappas, “A new sociolinguistic variable in Cypriot Greek”, in Angela Ralli; Brian D. Joseph; Mark Janse; Athanasios Karasimos, editors, Research on Greek Dialects: Institutions and Projects, ISSN 1792-3743:

     In this corpus, the best example of a super token can be seen in the following excerpt (1), where an educated female speaker in her mid-twenties, who is recounting a recent trip to Sweden, switches between a palatal lateral and a palatal fricative in the middle of a noun phrase

   • 2017, Luis Alberto Mendez, “The variant [ʃ] in the Spanish of Ciudad Juárez”, in Borealis: An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics, volume 6, number 1, DOI:10.7557/1.6.1.4102, page 244:

     The following super token was extracted from one of the informants who participated in the sociolinguistic interview for this research.

   • 2019, Nick Palfreyman, Variation in Indonesian Sign Language: A Typological and Sociolinguistic Analysis, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, page 143:

     Example (48) presents a supertoken where a Solonese signer uses SUDAH:4 and SUDAH:1 in consecutive clauses; these clauses have the same meaning, and hence are semantically equivalent (there are other examples where a variant form occurs in both pre-predicate かつ post-predicate slots without apparent difference in meaning, although more research is needed on this).