英和和英

語源

Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, “restructuring”).

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /pɛɹ.ɪˈstɹɔɪ.kə/

名詞

perestroika (countable and uncountable, plural perestroikas)

1. (historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.
   • 2004, Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage:

     Gorbachev would introduce glasnost (openness and freedom) and perestroika (economic restructuring) to Russia under his tenure, ultimately freeing thousands of political prisoners and dissidents and trying to address the shortages in food and goods that had become the hallmarks of the failing Soviet economy.

   • 2007 October 13, Will Hutton, “Will China's next leader be its Gorbachev?”, in The Observer‎, →ISSN, archived from the original on 9 January 2025:

     [Gorbachev] did not champion perestroika and glasnost alone; much of the nomenklatura had decided that the Soviet economic and social model was dysfunctional, corrupt and endemically inefficient and had to change.

2. (historical, uncountable) The period of time in the Soviet Union during which these reforms were carried out and in effect.
3. (countable, singularity theory) A situation where a small variation of parameters leads to a sudden change in properties.

派生語

• antiperestroika
• Perestroikan
• Salinastroika

参考

• doi moi
• glasnost