Wiktionary英語版
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armus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/06/08 02:29 UTC 版)
語源
Inherited from Proto-Italic *ar(a)mos, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erH-mo-s (“arm”). The full-grade pre-form is perhaps also attested in Serbo-Croatian раме (rȁme, “arm”). However, other Indo-European cognates, such as Sanskrit ईर्म (īrmá, “arm, forequarter”), reflect a zero-grade form *h₂r̥H-mó-s. Schrijver, however, considers it impossible for the Latin term to reflect such a zero-grade PIE term, as otherwise PIE *HRHC yields Latin *RăC, such as in rapiō (“to snatch”), from *h₁reh₁p-. In contrast, Prósper suggests a derivation from *Hə́rH.mo-, from *h₂r̥H-mó-s, though this theory relies on own proposed sound law *#CṚ́HC > CaR.C. In any case, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join, fit, attach”).
Latin cognates include arma, armentum, artus, ars; external cognates include Ossetian арм (arm, “hand”), Bulgarian ра́мо (rámo, “shoulder”), and English arm.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈar.mʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈar.mus]
名詞
armus m (genitive armī); second declension
- (of an animal) the shoulder, side; the forequarter; rarely used of humans.
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
派生語
- armilla
- armillum
派生した語
参照
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 313-314
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “armus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 194
- ^ Prósper, Blanca María (2021), “Mars Veneticus and the «palma rule»”, in Francesca Chiusaroli, editor, Miscellanea di studi in onore di Diego Poli [Miscellany of Studies in Honor of Diego Poli], volume 2, Rome: Il Calamo, →ISBN, page 1259 of 1253-1264
Further reading
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “armus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 25: Refonte Apaideutos–Azymus, page 291
- “armus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “armus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "armus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “armus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) practised in arms: exercitatus in armis
- (ambiguous) to disarm a person: armis (castris) exuere aliquem
- (ambiguous) to lay down arms: ab armis discedere (Phil. 11. 33)
- (ambiguous) to be under arms: in armis esse
- (ambiguous) to manœuvre: decurrere (in armis)
- (ambiguous) by force of arms: vi et armis
- (ambiguous) to fight a decisive battle: proelio, armis decertare (B. G. 1. 50)
- (ambiguous) to fight a pitched battle: acie (armis, ferro) decernere
- (ambiguous) practised in arms: exercitatus in armis
アナグラム
- rāmus
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