英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 augmenten, from Middle French augmenter, from Old French augmenter, from Late Latin augmentare (“to increase”), from Latin augmentum (“an increase, growth”), from augere (“to increase”).

発音

• Verb:
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/
  • (without the cot–caught merger, General American, 米国発音) IPA: /ɔɡˈmɛnt/, /ˈɔɡmɛnt/
  • (cot–caught merger, General American, Atlantic Canada) IPA: /ɑɡˈmɛnt/, /ˈɑɡmɛnt/
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /oːɡˈment/
  • 韻: -ɛnt
• Noun:
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɔːɡmɛnt/, /ˈɔːɡmənt/
  • (without the cot–caught merger, General American, 米国発音) IPA: /ˈɔɡmɛnt/, /ˈɔɡmənt/
  • (cot–caught merger, General American, Atlantic Canada) IPA: /ˈɑɡmɛnt/, /ˈɑɡmənt/
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /ˈoːɡment/
• ハイフネーション: aug‧ment

動詞

augment (third-person singular simple present augments, present participle augmenting, simple past and past participle augmented)

1. (transitive) To increase; to make larger or supplement.

   The money from renting out a spare room can augment a salary.

2. (intransitive, reflexive) To grow; to increase; to become greater.
3. (music) To slow the tempo or meter, e.g. for a dramatic or stately passage.
4. (music) To increase an interval, especially the largest interval in a triad, by a half step (chromatic semitone).
5. (grammar, transitive) To add an augment to.

派生語

参照

• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “augment”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

名詞

augment (plural augments)

1. (grammar) A grammatical prefix
   1. (Indo-European languages) In some languages, a prefix *é- (अ- (a-) in Sanskrit, ἐ- (e-) in Greek) indicating a past tense of a verb.

      The augment is found in Greek, Indo-Iranian, Armenian and Phrygian.

   2. (Celtic languages) Especially Old Irish, a preverb, usually ro-, used to give a verb a resultative or potential meaning.
      • 1987, Kim McCone, chapter IX, in The early Irish verb, 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, published 1997, →ISBN, section 3.1, page 93:

        Fundamentally the augment characterizes a verbal action viewed from a non-contemporary standpoint, either the moment of speaking (or writing) or a further verbal action.

   3. (Bantu languages) In some languages, an additional vowel prepended to the noun prefix.
2. An increase.

派生語

• augmentless

関連する語

参考

• Appendix:Glossary#augment

Further reading

• “augment”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “augment”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “augment”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• mutagen, negatum