英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ɪkˈspænʃən/
• ハイフネーション: ex‧pan‧sion

名詞

expansion (countable and uncountable, plural expansions)

1. An act, process, or instance of expanding.

   The expansion of metals and plastics in response to heat is well understood.

   • 2015, Heidi Nast, “Pit Bulls, Slavery, and Whiteness in the Mid- to Late-Nineteenth-Century U.S.”, in Rosemary-Claire Collard, Kathryn Gillespie, editors, Critical Animal Geographies, page 138:

     […] 1919, a time when African American hopes for a just future following their service in World War I were dashed by violent reassertions of white supremacy, including the efflorescence and expansion of the KKK into the Midwestern and northwestern U.S.

   1. The fractional change in unit length per unit length per unit temperature change.

      Synonym: coefficient of thermal expansion

      Hypernym: temperature coefficient

      Look up the expansion of 1018 steel at stick welding temps and figure out how far this thing's gonna bend once we weld it up.

   2. (building) A new addition.

      Synonym: annex

      My new office is in the expansion behind the main building.

   3. A product to be used with a previous product.

      This expansion requires the original game board.

   4. That which is expanded; expanse; extended surface.
      • a. 1804, James Beattie, “The Beginning of the First Book of Lucretius”, in The Poetical Works of James Beattie (The Aldine Edition of the British Poets), London: Bell and Daldy […], published 1866, →OCLC, pages 170–171:

        Mother of mighty Rome's imperial line, / Delight of man, and of the powers divine, / Venus, all-bounteous queen! whose genial power / Diffuses beauty in unbounded store / Through seas, and fertile plains, and all that lies / Beneath the starred expansion of the skies.

   5. (steam engines) The operation of steam in a cylinder after its communication with the boiler has been cut off, by which it continues to exert pressure upon the moving piston.
   6. The replacement of a short name (e.g., acronym, initialism, alphanumeric symbol, abbreviation) with the longer name that is synonymous with it, as when spelling out acronyms to ensure clarity for a general audience.

      Expansion of acronyms is often helpful for nonexpert readers (anacronyms excluded).

      1. The string of text thus substituted.

         The acronym "FNDs" can mean either "functional neurologic disorders" or "focal neurologic deficits", so you'd better use the expansion instead of the acronym, for clarity in this context; readers of this paragraph may not have read, or remember, which definition you used 40 pages earlier.

   7. (video games) Short for expansion pack.
   8. (economics) An increase in the market value of an economy over time.
      • 1971, National Industrial Conference Board, The Conference Board Record - Volume 8, page 4:

        Secondly, the cyclical expansion now taking shape in the United States is starting from a relatively high level; it has much less headroom than earlier expansions that began from a deeply deflated recession base.

      • 1978, Fred Caloren, Michel Chossudovsky, Paul Gingrich, Is the Canadian Economy Closing Down?, Black Rose Books Ltd., →ISBN, page 88:

        In addition, new technologies are adopted which are less labour-using, thus unemploying workers. Over the postwar years, factors of this sort have contributed to a gradual upward drift in unemployment rates, even during expansions.

   9. (geometry) Stretching of geometric objects with flat sides.

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “act of expanding”): contraction, shrinkage

派生語

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