Wiktionary英語版
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caseus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/16 19:07 UTC 版)
語源
Unknown according to De Vaan. The old hypothesis deriving it from Proto-Indo-European *kwath₂ (“to ferment, become sour”) has the problem that *w isn't supposed to disappear in Latin (the expected outcome would start with qua- and not ca-). In this case, the cognates listed under *kweth₂- are perhaps loans from the same substrate source as the Latin term.
Alternatively, taking into account Ossetian цыхт (cyxt) (<< Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to be sharp; to sting”)), Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut”) can be tentatively supposed as an ultimate source of the term; however, the vowel length mismatches.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkaː.se.ʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkaː.s̬e.us]
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
派生した語
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: casu
- Balkano-Romance:
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: queso
- Old Galician-Portuguese: queijo
- Fala: queixhu, queixu (Valverdeñu)
- Galician: queixo
- Portuguese: queijo (see there for further descendants)
- Old Leonese: kesos (plural)
- Old Spanish: queso
- Borrowings:
- → Old Irish: cáise (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-Brythonic: *kọs (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-Germanic: *kāsijaz (see there for further descendants)
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cāseus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 96-7
- ^ Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “caseus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 176f
- ^ Ferguson, Ronnie. 2006. A linguistic history of Venice. Florence: Olschki. 254.
Further reading
- “caseus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “caseus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "caseus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “caseus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “caseus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “caseus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2: C Q K, pages –456-58
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