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luctor

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/09 00:46 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

    Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“bend, twist”) (whence also lū̆xus, -a, -um (“dislocated”) and lū̆xus, -ūs (“dislocation; splendor”)).

    Cognate with Ancient Greek λύγος (lúgos), Lithuanian lugnas, and Old Norse lykna. Compare with English louk; lock.

    Per De Vaan, formed as a frequentative from Proto-Italic *luktos, the perfect passive participle form of an unattested non-frequentative verb. De Vaan assumes the stem had a short vowel here and in lū̆xus, despite noting that this is difficult to explain as the word meets the conditions for Lachmann's law to apply; he speculates that a hypothetical nasal present stem (which would regularly have had a short vowel), as found in Celtic, could have exerted analogical influence on the vowel length.

    発音

    動詞

    lū̆ctor (present infinitive lū̆ctārī or lū̆ctārier, perfect active lū̆ctātus sum); first conjugation, deponent

    1. to struggle, strive, contend
      Synonyms: certō, contendō, ēnītor, cōnītor, nītor, adnītor, ēlabōrō, labōrō, īnsequor, tendō, appetō, mōlior
    2. to wrestle, fight
      Synonyms: repugnō, pugnō, contendō, certō, dēcernō, concurrō, bellō, dīmicō, cōnflīgō

    Conjugation

    The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

    派生語

    派生した語

    参照

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “luctor, -ārī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350
    2. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “lŭctāri”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 438
    3. ^ Bennett, Charles E. (1907), The Latin Language: a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 60
    4. ^ Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–), “*/ˈlʊkt-a-/ v.”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française, retrieved 21 April 2023.

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