英和和英

名詞

paradigmata

1. plural of paradigma
   • 1965: F. Warren Rempel, The Role of Value in Karl Mannheim’s Sociology of Knowledge, page 88 (Mouton)

     These paradigmata, these basic visions of life’s meaning, become the foundations for developing levels of value consciousness, as well as the concrete integrating principle of a world-view.

2. plural of paradigm
   • 1908, Classical Association, Classical Quarterly, page 266:

     Keeping this in view we can construct the following paradigm: […] We thus see that any original simplicity that may have existed in the paradigmata of these words has got thoroughly obscured; and, further that the consonantal stem has often, in one way or another, been changed into a vowel stem, or had a vowel stem substituted for it (cf. Brugmann, Archiv für lateinische Lexicographie u. Grammatik, xv. p. 3 n. 2).

   • 1969 [1963], D. E. Walford, transl., The Foundations of Wittgenstein’s Late Philosophy, Manchester University Press, translation of original by Ernst Konrad Specht, →ISBN, pages 160–161:

     Wittgenstein himself frequently has recourse to the paradigm-model to illustrate this synthetic achievement. / In Wittgenstein’s opinion the use of many expressions is bound to certain models and paradigmata. […] Now, Wittgenstein also transfers this scheme to cases where the use of the sign has become independent of an external paradigm and is effected by means of “memory and association” alone (cf. P. I. 53). The use of our ordinary colour words, for instance, is of this kind. In drawing up the relevant sign usage one has admittedly made use of external paradigmata (for colour names can only be ostensively explained), but later the external models had been completely dropped since memory was able to take over the paradigmatic function by itself.

   • 1978, European Association of Institutions in Higher Education, Congress materials, →ISBN, page 157:

     Secondly KUHN’s concept of paradigmata could be of significance. Whereas medical scientists seem to stick to primary paradigmata of their discipline, in medical practice secondary paradigmata are supposed to govern the problem-solving process towards diagnostic and therapeutical decisions. Such a secondary paradigm would be characteristic of a technology.

   • 1980, Theory and Application of Information Research: Proceedings of the Second International Research Forum on Information Science, 3-6 August 1977, Royal School of Librarianship, Copenhagen, →ISBN, page 17:

     If we want to study the above phenomena in relation to specific indexing or classification tools, we will have to bring in the third paradigm (instruments). / The minor paradigmata / We have already met some problems of delimitation of IS in the paradigm of operations, but as a whole, problems of that kind are not very important in the major paradigmata.

   • 1983, International symposium on Chinese-western cultural interchange in commemoration of the 400th anniversary of the arrival of Matteo Ricci, S.J. in China, page 758:

     Masterman M. found more than 22 different meanings of paradigm in Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolution. She classifies these paradigmata in 3 main categories: metaphysical paradigms or meta[-]paradigms; Sociological paradigms and artifact or construct paradigms.

   • 1988, L.J. de Regt, “Chapter 1. Introduction to a Textual Corpus”, in A Parametric Model for Syntactic Studies of a Textual Corpus, Demonstrated on the Hebrew of Deuteronomy 1-30, Van Gorcum & Comp., →ISBN, “1. Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic Aspects of Parameters, page 3:

     As regards methodology, the point of departure is a consideration of the morphological differences between the paradigmata of the verb (e.g. the difference between the perfect- かつ imperfect-paradigm) and the variations in such a paradigm (e.g. imperfect forms with かつ without the nūn-paragogicum).

   • 2002, Guerino Mazzola, “Chapter 10. Paradigmatic Classification”, in The Topos of Music: Geometric Logic of Concepts, Theory, and Performance, Birkhäuser Verlag, →ISBN, page 191:

     We give motivation of the paradigm concept from musicology, semiotics and poetology, and mathematics. […] Rather are we concerned with paradigmata, i.e., “fields of equivalence”, whatever this may signify—we have to review the differentiations of this subject.

   • 2008, Barry Schwartz, “Notes to Pages 26–32”, in Abraham Lincoln in the Post-Heroic Era: History and Memory in Late Twentieth-Century America, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 314:

     Paradigmata take the form of pictorial images as well as narrative. No great war can be fought, no great man or woman can survive or die, without being framed and made into a paradigm. Pictorial paradigmata are sustained by a psychological warrant.

   • 2011, Maria-Sibylla Lotter, “2. Cultural Representations of Ethnic Diversity [§] The Fate of Hair and Conversation. On Moral Identity and Recognition in The Man Who Wasn’t There”, in Barbara Weber, Karlfriedrich Herb, Eva Marsal, Takara Dobashi, Petra Schweitzer, editors, Cultural Politics and Identity: The Public Space of Recognition, LIT Verlag, →ISBN, “2. Plato”, pages 73–74:

     We can never rely on a concrete vision of our future in detail, but only on some more or less abstract idea – something like the paradigmata of the myth of Er. The mere paradigm as such, however, is neither good nor bad, nor does it necessarily lead to happiness or unhappiness.