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stabilis

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/23 20:21 UTC 版)

語源

By surface analysis, stō (“stand firm”) +‎ -bilis. Poultney compares the term to Umbrian 𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌚𐌋𐌉 (stafli) and reconstructs Proto-Italic *staðlis, though De Vaan leaves the etymology of the Umbrian term as uncertain.

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsta.bɪ.lɪs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈstaː.bi.lis]

形容詞

stabilis (neuter stabile); third-declension two-termination adjective

That stands firm; firm, steadfast, steady, sure, stable, stationary.

Synonyms: statīvus, fīxus
established, enduring, durable, immutable, lasting, everlasting, unwavering, unchanging
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.73:
  
  “Cōnūbiō iungam stabilī propriamque dicābō.”
  
  “Joined in marriage, everlasting, and I shall dedicate [her to you as] your very own [wife].”
  (Juno tempts Aeolus to do her will by offering him marriage to Deiopea.)

語形変化

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

	masc./fem.	neuter		masc./fem.	neuter
	singular			plural
nominative	stabilis	stabile		stabilēs	stabilia
genitive	stabilis			stabilium
dative	stabilī			stabilibus
accusative	stabilem	stabile		stabilīs stabilēs	stabilia
ablative	stabilī			stabilibus
vocative	stabilis	stabile		stabilēs	stabilia

派生語

īnstabilis
stabiliō
stabilitās
stabiliter

関連する語

派生した語

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: stavăr
Italo-Dalmatian
- Italian: stabile
Old Occitan: estable
- Catalan: estable
- Occitan: estable
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulian: stabil
- Romansh: stabil, stabel
Venetan: stabiłe
West Iberian
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: estable
- Old Galician-Portuguese: estavel
  - Galician: estable, estábel
  - Portuguese: estável
- Old Spanish: estabile
  - Spanish: estable
→ Bulgarian: стабилен (stabilen)
→ Czech: stabilní
→ Danish: stabil
→ English: stabile
→ Estonian: stabiilne
→ French: stable
- → Turkish: stabil
→ German: stabil
- → Hungarian: stabil
→ Macedonian: стабилен (stabilen)
→ Norwegian: stabil
→ Old French: estable
- Middle French: estable
- Anglo-Norman: stable, stabel
  - → Middle English: stable
    - English: stable
    - Scots: stable
→ Polish: stabilny
→ Romanian: stabil
→ Russian: стабильный (stabilʹnyj)
→ Slovak: stabilný
→ Swedish: stabil

参照

^ Poultney, James Wilson (1959), The Bronze Tables of Iguvium, Baltimore: American Philological Association, page 324
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “stō, stāre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 389-390

“stabilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“stabilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“stabilis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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