Wiktionary英語版
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vincio
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/20 15:19 UTC 版)
語源
Derived from Proto-Indo-European *wi-n-k-, from the root *weyk- (“to curve, bend”) and the nasal infix *-n-. The nasal infix spread from the present stem to the perfect and supine stem. Per De Vaan 2008, the original present stem would have been Proto-Italic *wink-(e/o-) which would have regularly given Latin third-conjugation vincō, vincere, homophonous with vincō (“win; defeat”). (In fact, De Vaan argues that these verbs probably come from the same root.) The origin of the Latin fourth-conjugation present stem vincī- is unclear. De Vaan 2008 suggests this stem could have been taken from a derived noun *wink-i- or *wink-io-. (Compare prōvincia, apparently from the feminine of an adjective *prō-wink-io-.) Alternatively, Meiser 2003 argues that the present stems of vinciō and sanciō developed via back-formation from the perfect stems vīnxī and sānxī. Cognate with vicis, vicia, Ancient Greek εἴκω (eíkō).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈwɪŋ.ki.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈvin̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.o]
- ハイフネーション: vin‧ci‧ō
動詞
vinciō (present infinitive vincīre, perfect active vīnxī, supine vīnctum); fourth conjugation
Conjugation
派生語
派生した語
- →? Italian: vincire, ⇒ avvincere, vincibosco, >? vincido
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vinciō, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 679
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vincō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 680-681
- ^ Meiser, Gerhard (2003), Veni, vidi, vici: die Vorgeschichte des lateinischen Perfektsystems, page 122
Further reading
- “vincĭo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- vincio in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 3491
- R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “vincire”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
- “vincio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1677.
- Harm Pinkster, editor (2018), “vinciō”, in Woordenboek Latijn/Nederlands, 7th revised edition, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC
- Latino-Sinicum, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “vinciō”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1130
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to make a speech rhythmical: numeris orationem astringere, vincire
- (ambiguous) in everything nature defies imitation: in omni re vincit imitationem veritas
- (ambiguous) the majority were of the opinion..: sententia vincit (Liv. 2. 4. 3)
- (ambiguous) to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
- to make a speech rhythmical: numeris orationem astringere, vincire
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