Protein Analysis Subcellular Localization Predictionとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Protein (or in general, proteome) Analysis Subcellular Localization Prediction is a process (usually through the use of web-based software) of predicting the location or destination of a protein within the cell using only the protein sequence as its inputs.

In the central dogma of molecular biology, the major copy of the message for protein synthesis is contained in the DNA. The message is transcribed into mRNA and then transported to the cytosol where translation of the copies of mRNA into proteins happens. Several post-translational modification processes happen before the cell could actually use the modified protein. This protein is then transported to a particular organelle (intracellular) or outside the cell (extracellular) where the protein is needed. Proteins are then likened to letters with proper address and stamps to deliver it on the proper destination. Likewise, proteins should have proper address to ensure its delivery to the proper localization. The destination of various protein sequences is predicted by these subcellular localization prediction servers.

Protein Localization Prediction is important to predict the possible location or destination of a particular protein. Take note, however, that this is still a prediction. An actual wet-lab procedure is preferred to do actual analysis of the protein's location. Since the prediction servers present possible location of the protein, then it also gives us insights of the possible function of the protein sequence.

One web-based program is the PA Specialized Subcellular Localization Server v2.5 found at Proteome Analyst Research Group, University of Alberta. Several related servers are also available for protein subcellular localization prediction. A list can be found at PSORT.