cellとは

語源 1

From Middle English celle, selle, from 古期英語 *cella (attested in inflected forms), from Latin cella (“chamber, small room, compartment”), later reinforced by Old French cel, sele, Old French cele.

名詞

cell (複数形 cells)

1. A single-room dwelling for a hermit. [from 10th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.6:

     So, taking them apart into his cell, / He to that point fit speaches gan to frame […].

2. (now historical) A small monastery or nunnery dependent on a larger religious establishment. [from 11th c.]
3. A small room in a monastery or nunnery accommodating one person. [from 14th c.]

   Gregor Mendel must have spent a good amount of time outside of his cell.

4. Each of the small hexagonal compartments in a honeycomb. [from 14th c.]
5. (biology, now chiefly botany) Any of various chambers in a tissue or organism having specific functions. [from 14th c.]
   • 1858, Asa Gray, Introduction to Structural and Systematic Botany, fifth edition, p. 282:

     Each of the two cells or lobes of the anther is marked with a lateral line or furrow, running from top to bottom […].

6. (obsolete) Specifically, any of the supposed compartments of the brain, formerly thought to be the source of specific mental capacities, knowledge, or memories. [14th-19th c.]
   • 1890, Oscar Wilde, chapter XVI, in The Picture of Dorian Gray:

     From cell to cell of his brain crept the one thought; and the wild desire to live, most terrible of all man's appetites, quickened into force each trembling nerve and fibre.

7. A section or compartment of a larger structure. [from 16th c.]
8. (obsolete, chiefly literary) Any small dwelling; a remote nook, a den. [16th-19th c.]
   • 1603, John Florio, transl.; Michel de Montaigne, The Essayes, […], printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
     , II.12:

     Thou seest but the order and policie of this little Cell [transl. caveau] wherein thou art placed […].

   • 1810, Walter Scott, Lady of the Lake, II:

     Not long shall honour'd Douglas dwell, / Like hunted stag, in mountain-cell […].

9. A room in a prison or jail for one or more inmates. [from 18th c.]

   The combatants spent the night in separate cells.

10. A device which stores electrical power; used either singly or together in batteries; the basic unit of a battery. [from 19th c.]

    This MP3 player runs on 2 AAA cells.

11. (biology) The basic unit of a living organism, consisting of a quantity of protoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane, which is able to synthesize proteins and replicate itself. [from 19th c.]
    • 1999, Paul Brown & Dave King, The Guardian, 15 Feb 1999:

      An American company has applied to experiment in Britain on Parkinson's disease sufferers by injecting their brains with cells from pigs.

    • 2011, Terence Allen & Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford 2011, p. 3:

      In multicellular organisms, groups of cells form tissues and tissues come together to form organs.

12. (meteorology) A small thunderstorm, caused by convection, that forms ahead of a storm front. [from 20th c.]

    There is a powerful storm cell headed our way.

13. (computing) The minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior. [from 20th c.]

    The upper right cell always starts with the color green.

14. (card games) In FreeCell-type games, a space where one card can be placed.
15. A small group of people forming part of a larger organization, often an outlawed one. [from 20th c.]

    Those three fellows are the local cell of that organization.

16. (communication) A short, fixed-length packet as in asynchronous transfer mode. [from 20th c.]

    Virtual Channel number 5 received 170 cells.

17. (communication) A region of radio reception that is a part of a larger radio network.

    I get good reception in my home because it is near a cell tower.

18. (geometry) A three-dimensional facet of a polytope.
19. (statistics) The unit in a statistical array (a spreadsheet, for example) where a row and a column intersect.
20. (architecture) The space between the ribs of a vaulted roof.
21. (architecture) A cella.
22. (entomology) An area of an insect wing bounded by veins

使用する際の注意点

In the sense of an electrical device, "cell" is the technically correct name for a single unit of battery-type power storage, whereas a battery is a device comprising multiple of them, though it is often used for simple cells.

引用

• For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:cell.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:cell

派生語

関連する語

• cellar
• cellular
• cellule

動詞

cell (三人称単数 現在形 cells, 現在分詞 celling, 過去形および過去分詞形 celled)

1. (transitive) To place or enclose in a cell.
   • Warner

     Celled under ground.

語源 2

From cell phone, from cellular phone, from cellular + telephone

名詞

cell (複数形 cells)

1. (US, informal) A cellular phone.

使用する際の注意点

• Widely used attributively.

Further reading

• cell in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• cell in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911
• cell at OneLook Dictionary Search
• Cell in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.