trunkとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English tronke, trunke, borrowed from Old French tronc (“alms box, tree trunk, headless body”), from Latin truncus (“a stock, lopped tree trunk”), from truncus (“cut off, maimed, mutilated”). For the verb, compare French tronquer, and see truncate. Doublet of truncus and tronk.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /tɹʌŋk/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /tɹʌŋk/, [t͡ʃɹʌŋk], [tɹʌŋk]
• 韻: -ʌŋk

名詞

trunk (複数形 trunks)

1. (heading, biological) Part of a body.
   1. The usually single, more or less upright part of a tree, between the roots and the branches.

      Synonyms: bole, tree trunk

   2. The torso.
   3. The conspicuously extended, mobile, nose-like organ of an animal such as a sengi, a tapir or especially an elephant. The trunks of various kinds of animals might be adapted to probing and sniffing, as in the sengis, or be partly prehensile, as in the tapir, or be a versatile prehensile organ for manipulation, feeding, drinking and fighting as in the elephant.

      Synonym: proboscis

2. (heading) A container.
   1. A large suitcase, chest, or similar receptacle for carrying or storing personal possessions, usually with a hinged, often domed lid, and handles at each end, so that generally it takes two persons to carry a full trunk.

      Hyponym: footlocker

      • 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, →OCLC, page 01:

        There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy. Mail bags, so I understand, are being put on board. Stewards, carrying cabin trunks, swarm in the corridors.

   2. A box or chest usually covered with leather, metal, or cloth, or sometimes made of leather, hide, or metal, for holding or transporting clothes or other goods.
      • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

        To lie, like pawns, lock'd up in chests and trunks

   3. (Canada, 米国用法, automotive) The luggage storage compartment of a sedan/saloon-style car.

      Synonyms: (英国用法, Australia) boot, (India) dicky

      Hyponyms: frunk, froot

      • 2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown‎^[1], performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, かつ MJG), Sony BMG:

        I'm a stunt; ride in the car with some bump in the trunk.

   4. (automotive) A storage compartment fitted behind the seat of a motorcycle.

      Synonyms: topbox, topcase

3. (heading) A channel for flow of some kind.
   1. (US, telecommunications) A circuit between telephone switchboards or other switching equipment.
   2. A chute or conduit, or a watertight shaft connecting two or more decks.
   3. A long, large box, pipe, or conductor, made of plank or metal plates, for various uses, as for conveying air to a mine or to a furnace, water to a mill, grain to an elevator, etc.
   4. (archaic) A long tube through which pellets of clay, peas, etc., are driven by the force of the breath. A peashooter
      • 1655, James Howell, “To the Lord Viscount Col. from Madrid”, in Epistolæ Ho-Elianæ. Familiar Letters Domestic and Forren. […], 3rd edition, volume (please specify the page), London: […] Humphrey Mos[e]ley, […], →OCLC:

        He shot Sugar Plums at them out of a Trunk.

   5. (mining) A flume or sluice in which ores are separated from the slimes in which they are contained.
4. (software engineering) In software projects under source control: the most current source tree, from which the latest unstable builds (so-called "trunk builds") are compiled.
5. The main line or body of anything.

   the trunk of a vein or of an artery, as distinct from the branches

   1. (transport) A main line in a river, canal, railroad, or highway system.
   2. (architecture) The part of a pilaster between the base and capital, corresponding to the shaft of a column.
6. A large pipe forming the piston rod of a steam engine, of sufficient diameter to allow one end of the connecting rod to be attached to the crank, and the other end to pass within the pipe directly to the piston, thus making the engine more compact.
7. (in the plural) Short for swimming trunks.

派生語

Further reading

• “trunk”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “trunk”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• trunk on Wikipedia.

動詞

trunk (三人称単数 現在形 trunks, 現在分詞 trunking, 過去形および過去分詞形 trunked)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To lop off; to curtail; to truncate.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 10:

     Large streames of bloud out of the truncked stocke / Forth gushed, like fresh water streame from riuen rocke.

2. (transitive, mining) To extract (ores) from the slimes in which they are contained, by means of a trunk.
3. (telecommunications) To provide simultaneous network access to multiple clients by sharing a set of circuits, carriers, channels, or frequencies.

アナグラム

• K-turn