biodiversity hotspotとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From biodiversity +‎ hotspot. The word hotspot to describe such regions appears to have been first used by the British environmentalist Norman Myers (1934–2019) in a 1988 article in The Environmentalist.^[1]

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˌbaɪə(ʊ)daɪˌvɜːsɪti ˈhɒtˌspɒt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌbaɪoʊdəˌvɚsəti ˈhɑtˌspɑt/, [-ɾi]
• ハイフネーション: bi‧o‧di‧vers‧i‧ty hot‧spot

名詞

biodiversity hotspot (複数形 biodiversity hotspots)

1. (ecology) A place with a significant level of biodiversity, particularly if the flora and fauna are threatened with loss of their habitat.

   Synonyms: hot spot, hotspot

   • 2000 February 24, Norman Myers; Russell A[lan] Mittermeier; Cristina G[oettsch] Mittermeier; Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca; Jennifer Kent, “Biodiversity Hotspots for Conservation Priorities”, in Nature, volume 403, number 6772, London: Nature Research, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 853:

     Conservationists are far from able to assist all species under threat, if only for lack of funding. This places a premium on priorities: how can we support the most species at the least cost? One way is to identify ‘biodiversity hotspots’ where exceptional concentrations of endemic species are undergoing exceptional loss of habitat.

使用する際の注意点

In the writings of Norman Myers and his collaborators, a biodiversity hotspot is defined as a region that contains at least 1,500 endemic species of vascular plants (more than 0.5% of the world’s total), and which has lost at least 70% of its primary vegetation.^[2]

参照

Further reading

• biodiversity hotspot on Wikipedia.
• “biodiversity hotspot” under “hot spot, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2022.