caballusとは意味・読み方・使い方

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/10/28 21:06 UTC 版)

語源

Uncertain; often cited as borrowed from Gaulish *kaballos, from Proto-Celtic *kaballos, perhaps ultimately an Asiatic borrowing or Wanderwort, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “nag”), Proto-Slavic *kobýla (“mare”), Persian (kaval, “second class horse of mixed blood”), and possibly Karakhanid kevel (at) (“well-bred fast (horse)”). Alternatively, borrowed alongside Greek from Proto-Iranian *kabah, *kabalah, compare Khotanese [script needed] (kabä, “horse”), Persian (kaval), and possibly cognate with Latin cabō (“gelding”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kebʰ- (“worn-out horse, nag”).

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [kaˈbal.lʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kaˈbal.lus]

名詞

caballus m (genitive caballī); second declension

pack-horse, jade, hack
nag

使用する際の注意点

In Classical Latin, the word equus is used for a horse, and caballus is used only by poets. It is only later, in Vulgar and Late Latin, that caballus appears in prose. The youngs were pullus, hence Spanish potro or Italian poltro.

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	caballus	caballī
genitive	caballī	caballōrum
dative	caballō	caballīs
accusative	caballum	caballōs
ablative	caballō	caballīs
vocative	caballe	caballī

派生語

caballa
caballārius
caballātiō
caballicō
caballinus
caballiō
cavallus

派生した語

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: cal
- Istro-Romanian: kå
- Megleno-Romanian: cal
- Romanian: cal
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: cavaddu, cavallu
  
  Gallurese: cabaddu, caddu
- Dalmatian: caval, cavul
- Italian: cavallo
  - → Alemannic German: Kawall
  - → Greek: καβάλος (kaválos)
- Sicilian: cavaḍḍu
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: cabaddu, cavaddu, covaddu, caaddu, caddu, caddu, cuaddu
North Italian:
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Emilian: cavàl, cavâl
  - Ligurian: cavallo
  - Old Lombard: cavel
    - Lombard: càal
  - Old Piedmontese: cavèu
    - Piedmontese: caval
  - Romagnol: cavàl, caval
- Friulian: cjaval, čhaval (alternative orthography)
- Istriot: caval
- Ladin: ciaval
- Romansch: chaval, cavagl, tgavagl, tgaval, chavagl
- Venetan: cavało ⇒ cavałeto
  - → Greek: καβάλα (kavála), καβαλέτο (kavaléto)
Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: chevâl
- Old French: cheval (see there for further descendants)
Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: cavall
- Gascon: cavalh, cavath
- Occitan: caval
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: cavallo, cavall
- Extremaduran: cavallu
- Old Leonese: [Term?]
  - Asturian: caballu
  - Leonese: caballu, cabalu
  - Mirandese: cabalho
- Old Galician-Portuguese: cavalo
  - Fala: cabalu
  - Galician: cabalo
  - Portuguese: cavalo (see there for further descendants)
- Old Spanish: cavallo
  - Ladino: kavayo
  - Spanish: caballo (see there for further descendants)
Borrowings:
- → Proto-Albanian: *kəβal
  - Albanian: kalë

参照

^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “caballos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 96
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “6l1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page καβάλλης
^ Sakhno, Serguei (2017–2018), “Chapter XIII: Slavic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Slavic, page 1582
^ Simon, Zsolt (2005), “Die Etymologie von caballus”, in Calboli, Gualtiero, editor, Latina Lingua! Proceedings of the Twelfth International Colloquium on Latin Linguistics (Bologna, 9-14 June 2003), Roma, pages 405-416
^ Hyllested, Adam (2014), Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact (PhD. dissertation)‎, Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, pages 91-97
^ “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
^ “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
^ "caballus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
^ “caballus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

[DLG-1] Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “caballos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 96

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “6l1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page καβάλλης

[3] Sakhno, Serguei (2017–2018), “Chapter XIII: Slavic”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Slavic, page 1582

[4] Simon, Zsolt (2005), “Die Etymologie von caballus”, in Calboli, Gualtiero, editor, Latina Lingua! Proceedings of the Twelfth International Colloquium on Latin Linguistics (Bologna, 9-14 June 2003), Roma, pages 405-416

[5] Hyllested, Adam (2014), Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact (PhD. dissertation)‎, Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, pages 91-97

[6] “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

[7] “caballus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

[8] "caballus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

[9] “caballus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

caballusとは意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「caballus」の意味

caballus

語源

発音

名詞

使用する際の注意点

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参照

「caballus」を含む例文一覧

「caballus」のお隣キーワード

caballusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Wiktionary英語版での「caballus」の意味

caballus

語源

発音

名詞

使用する際の注意点

語形変化

派生語

派生した語

参照

「caballus」を含む例文一覧

「caballus」のお隣キーワード

caballusとは意味・読み方・使い方