cognateとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Latin cognātus (“related by blood”), from com- + gnātus (“born”). Doublet of connate and cognatus.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈkɒɡ.neɪt/, /ˈkɒɡ.nɪt/, /ˈkɒɡ.nət/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑɡ.neɪt/, /ˈkɑɡ.nɪt/, /ˈkɑɡ.nət/

形容詞

cognate (not comparable)

1. Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically (law) related on the mother's side.

   Synonyms: akin, same-blooded; see also Thesaurus:consanguine

2. Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root.

   Synonyms: allied, kindred, connate; see also Thesaurus:akin

   • 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt

     This explanation provoked further great hilarity among the members of the committee. And the frankness was admired by many with which Louit, on his return, confessed to having found, in the course of his excursion, three barns in all, of which two contained empty bottles and the third the skeleton of a goat. But in other quarters this and cognate statements were viewed in another and less friendly light.

3. (linguistics) Descended from the same source lexemes (same etymons) of an ancestor language.

使用する際の注意点

“Cognate to” is much less common than “cognate with” and not even mentioned in most dictionaries.

派生語

• cognateness

名詞

cognate (複数形 cognates)

1. One of a number of things allied in origin or nature.
2. (law, dated) One who is related to another on the female side.
3. (law, dated) One who is related to another, both having descended from a common ancestor through legal marriages.
4. (linguistics) A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or strongly believed to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word.

   Coordinate terms: etymon, derivative/reflex

   Hypernym: paronym

派生語

• false cognate
• cognacy
• cognatic
• cognatically