patentとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Short form of Anglo-Norman lettre patente (“open letter”), from Latin littera patens.

名詞

patent (複数形 patents)

1. A declaration issued by a government agency declaring someone the inventor of a new invention and having the privilege of stopping others from making, using or selling the claimed invention; a letter patent.
   • 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:

     The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.

2. A specific grant of ownership of a piece of property; a land patent.
3. License; formal permission.
   • 1603, William Shakespeare, Othello, Act IV, sc. 1:

     If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her patent

     to offend, for if it touch not you, it comes near

     nobody.

4. Patent leather: a varnished, high-gloss leather typically used for shoes and accessories.

派生語

• patent troll

動詞

patent (三人称単数 現在形 patents, 現在分詞 patenting, 過去形および過去分詞形 patented)

1. To successfully register an invention with a government agency; to secure a letter patent.
   • 2013 June 21, Karen McVeigh, “US rules human genes can't be patented”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 10:

     The US supreme court has ruled unanimously that natural human genes cannot be patented, a decision that scientists and civil rights campaigners said removed a major barrier to patient care and medical innovation.

語源 2

From Middle French patent, from Old French [Term?], from Latin patēns (“open, lying open”), present participle of pateō (“I lie open”).

形容詞

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

1. (biology) Open, unobstructed, expanded.

   That is a patent ductus arteriosus.

2. Explicit and obvious.

   Those claims are patent nonsense.

3. (of flour) That is fine, and consists mostly of the inner part of the endosperm.
4. Open; unconcealed; conspicuous.
   • (Can we date this quote by Motley かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     He had received instructions, both patent and secret.

5. Open to public perusal; said of a document conferring some right or privilege.

   letters patent

6. Protected by a legal patent.

   a patent right; patent medicines

   • (Can we date this quote by Mortimer かつ provide title, author's full name, かつ other details?)

     Madder […] in King Charles the First's time, was made a patent commodity.

同意語

• (explicit, obvious): express, monosemous, unambiguous; see also Thesaurus:explicit or Thesaurus:obvious
• (open, unconcealed): overt

派生語

• patently

アナグラム

• Patten, patten, pét-nat

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpa.t̪ɛn̪t̪]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpaː.t̪ɛn̪t̪]

動詞

patent

1. third-person plural present active indicative of pateō