patentとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English patent, short form of lettres patentes, from Anglo-Norman lettre patente (“open letter”), from Latin littera patens.

名詞

patent (複数形 patents)

1. A declaration issued by a government agency declaring someone the inventor of a new invention and having the privilege of stopping others from making, using or selling the claimed invention; a letter patent.
   • 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:

     The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.

2. A specific grant of ownership of a piece of property; a land patent.
3. License; formal permission.
   • 1603, William Shakespeare, Othello, Act IV, sc. 1:

     If you are so fond over her iniquity, give her patent

     to offend, for if it touch not you, it comes near

     nobody.

4. Patent leather: a varnished, high-gloss leather typically used for shoes and accessories.

派生語

• patent troll

動詞

patent (三人称単数 現在形 patents, 現在分詞 patenting, 過去形および過去分詞形 patented)

1. To successfully register an invention with a government agency; to secure a letter patent.
   • 2013 June 21, Karen McVeigh, “US rules human genes can't be patented”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 10:

     The US supreme court has ruled unanimously that natural human genes cannot be patented, a decision that scientists and civil rights campaigners said removed a major barrier to patient care and medical innovation.

語源 2

From Middle English patent, from Middle French patent, from Old French, from Latin patēns (“open, lying open”), present participle of pateō (“I lie open”).

形容詞

patent (comparative more patent, superlative most patent)

1. (biology) Open, unobstructed, expanded.

   That is a patent ductus arteriosus.

2. Explicit and obvious.

   Those claims are patent nonsense.

   • 1916 March, “Criticisms and Notes: Burgess: The Reconciliation of Government with Liberty”, in American Ecclesiastical Review, volume LIV, number 3, Philadelphia: The Dolphin Press, pages 373–374:

     Again we read at page 174: “Instead of the Universal Roman Catholic Church there existed after 1650 the National Catholic Churches of Spain, France, Austria, Poland, etc. more subject to the Royal supremacy than to the Papal, not, however, so completely as in England.” This is obviously an exaggeration. There never existed in the countries mentioned, least of all in Spain, any National Catholic Church. There would not have existed any such contradictorially-named organization even in England had it not been for the lechery of Henry VIII. Other similar misstatements might be noticed here and there. The author's intention, however, to be just is patent and his success in this respect is noteworthy.

3. (of flour) That is fine, and consists mostly of the inner part of the endosperm.
4. Open; unconcealed; conspicuous.
   • 1856, John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic

     He had received instructions, both patent and secret.

5. Open to public perusal; said of a document conferring some right or privilege.

   letters patent

6. Protected by a legal patent.

   a patent right; patent medicines

   • 1707, John Mortimer, The whole Art of Husbandry, in the way of Managing and Improving of Land

     Madder […] in King Charles the First's time, was made a patent commodity.

同意語

• (explicit, obvious): express, monosemous, unambiguous; see also Thesaurus:explicit or Thesaurus:obvious
• (open, unconcealed): overt

派生語

• patently

アナグラム

• Patten, patten, pét-nat

Latin

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpa.t̪ɛn̪t̪]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tent/, [ˈpaː.t̪ɛn̪t̪]

動詞

patent

1. third-person plural present active indicative of pateō