furusiyyaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Furūsiyya (Arabic: فروسية) is the historical Arabic term for knightly martial exercise during the Middle Ages, during the Crusades and Mamluk period in particular, especially concerned with medieval Islamic martial arts and equestrianism. The body of Arabo-Persian "Furūsiyya literature" includes the genre Faras-nāma, which is an encyclopedic compilation of facts relating to horses. The term is a derivation of faras "horse". The term for "horseman" or "knight" is fāris (also an Arabic given name and faris was a name for a Muslim warrior during that period, and the origin of the Spanish rank of Alférez). It was a concept and noble art that included the arts of war and hunting, equestrianism, tactics and strategy, and certain games like chess (reflection, concentration, skill and moral qualities within that game). The practice was reserved to male elite (Bashid Mohamed, The Arts of Muslim Knight, page 9). This art was practiced from Afghanistan to Muslim Spain, prior to Mongol Conquest in the East and Spanish Reconquista in the West during the 13th century, and saw its greatest achievement in Mamluk Egypt during the 14th century.