Muslimとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed around 1615 from Arabic مُسْلِم‎ (muslim, “one who submits”), the active participle of أَسْلَمَ‎ (ʾaslama, “he submitted”), verb form IV from the triliteral root س ل م‎ (s-l-m), "to be whole, intact". The verbal noun إسْلام‎ (ʾislām) means literally "submission". In a religious sense, الْإِسْلَام‎ (al-ʾislām) translates to "faith, piety", and مُسْلِم‎ (muslim) to "one who has (religious) faith or piety".

発音

• (more anglicized) /ˈməz.ləm/,^[1] /ˈmʌz.lɪm/
• IPA^(key): /ˈmʌz.lɪm/, /ˈmʊz.lɪm/, /ˈmʊs.lɪm/;
• (closer to Arabic) /ˈmʊs.ləm/^[1]
• 韻: -əzləm, -ʌzlɪm, -ʊzlɪm, -ʊslɪm

名詞

Muslim (複数形 Muslims, feminine Muslimah または Muslima)

1. A person who is a follower and believer of Islam.
   • 1626, Samuel Purchas, Purchas his Pilgrimage, or Relations of the World, fourth edition, page 1019: lines 19-21:

     It was gouerned by Macuac, which conditioned with Amrus that euery Egyptian should pay an Egyptian peece of Gold, and to entertaine three dayes euery Muslim which passed that way.

   • 2006, Howard Greenstein, Kendra G. Hotz, John Kaltner, What Do Our Neighbors Believe? (→ISBN):

     Muslims invented the concept of zero, which is a foundation for the numbering system used throughout the world.

2. A Bosnian Muslim, a Bosniak.

   Tensions remain high between Serbs, Croats, and Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina following the Dayton Agreement.

同意語

• See Thesaurus:Muslim

上位語

• Abrahamist; monotheist; theist, religionist

下位語

• Sunni, Shi'a, Sufi/Sufist, Ahle Quran, Salafite, Muwahhid, Quranist, Moorish Scientist, Ismaili/Ismailite, Zahirist, Ahmadi (controversial), 5 percenter, Ibadist, ghair muqallid, Hanafite
• jihadist/jihadi, mujahid

等位語

• (religionists) religionist; Baha'i,‎ Buddhist,‎ Christian,‎ deist,‎ Druid,‎ Eckist,‎ heathen,‎ Hindu,‎ Jain,‎ Jedi,‎ Jew,‎ Mormon,‎ Mormonist,‎ Muslim,‎ Odinist,‎ pagan,‎ Pastafarian,‎ Rastafarian,‎ Raëlian,‎ Shintoist,‎ Sikh,‎ Taoist,‎ Unitarian Universalist,‎ Yazidi,‎ Wiccan,‎ Zoroastrian ^{(Category: en:Religion)}

派生語

形容詞

Muslim (comparative more Muslim, superlative most Muslim)

1. Being or relating to a believer of Islam.
   • 2009, Irene Silverblatt, “Foreword”, in Andrew B. Fisher and Matthew D. O'hara, editors, Imperial Subjects: Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America, page xi:

     The notion of blood purity was first elaborated in Europe, where it was used to separate Old Christians from Spain’s New Christians—women and men of Jewish and Muslim origin whose ancestors had converted to Christianity.

同意語

• Islamic

反意語

• non-Muslim
• kafir

参照

• Muslim at OneLook Dictionary Search
• Muslim in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• Muslim in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911.

アナグラム

• limmus